Volume 111, Nº 3, September 2018
DOI: http://www.dx.doi.org/10.5935/abc.20180131
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Obstructive Sleep Apnea is Common and Associated with Heart Remodeling in Patients with Chagas Disease
Carolina de Araújo Medeiros
Isaac Vieira Secundo
Carlos Antônio da Mota Silveira
José Maria del Castilho
Afonso Luiz Tavares de Albuquerque
Sílvia Marinho Martins
Wilson de Oliveira Júnior
Geraldo Lorenzi-Filho
Luciano F. Drager
Rodrigo Pinto Pedrosa
Dra. Carolina de Araújo Medeiros
Abstract
Background: Chagas Disease (CD) is an important cause of morbimortality due to heart failure and malignant arrhythmias worldwide, especially in Latin America.
Objective: To investigate the association of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) with heart remodeling and cardiac arrhythmias in patients CD.
Methods: Consecutive patients with CD, aged between 30 to 65 years old were enrolled. Participants underwent clinical evaluation, sleep study, 24-hour Holter monitoring, echocardiogram and ambulatory blood pressure monitoring.
Results: We evaluated 135 patients [age: 56 (45-62) years; 30% men; BMI: 26 ± 4 kg/m2, Chagas cardiomyopathy: 70%]. Moderate to severe OSA (apnea-hypopnea index, AHI, ≥ 15 events/h) was present in 21% of the patients. OSA was not associated with arrhythmias in this population. As compared to patients with mild or no OSA, patients with moderate to severe OSA had higher frequency of hypertension (79% vs. 72% vs. 44%, p < 0.01) higher nocturnal systolic blood pressure: 119 ± 17 vs. 113 ± 13 vs. 110 ± 11 mmHg, p = 0.01; larger left atrial diameter [37 (33-42) vs. 35 (33-39) vs. 33 (30-36) mm, p < 0.01]; and a greater proportion of left ventricular dysfunction [LVEF < 50% (39% vs. 28% vs. 11%), p < 0.01], respectively. Predictor of left atrial dimension was Log10 (AHI) (β = 3.86, 95% CI: 1.91 to 5.81; p < 0.01). Predictors of ventricular dysfunction were AHI > 15 events/h (OR = 3.61, 95% CI: 1.31 - 9.98; p = 0.01), systolic blood pressure (OR = 1.06, 95% CI: 1.02 - 1.10; p < 0.01) and male gender (OR = 3.24, 95% CI: 1.31 - 8.01; p = 0.01).
Conclusions: OSA is independently associated with atrial and ventricular remodeling in patients with CD. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2018; 111(3):364-372)
Keywords: Chagas Disease; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive; Ventricular Remodeling; Arrhythmias, Cardiac
