IJCS | Volume 32, Nº2, May/June 2019

264 Table 2 - Association between the demographic and clinical characteristics of patients and alcohol consumption. Assessment using the Chi-square test Variables Alcohol - n (%) p-value Yes No Sex Male 58 (40.3) 86 (59.7) < 0.001 Female 12 (14.6) 70 (85.4) SAH* Yes 33 (24.4) 102 (75.6) 0.010 No 37 (40.7) 54 (59.3) DM† Yes 6 (12.0) 44 (88.0) 0.001 No 64 (36.4) 112 (63.6) Dislipidemia Yes 20 (25.0) 60 (75.0) 0.151 No 50 (34.2) 96 (65.8) Family history Yes 32 (33.7) 63 (66.3) 0.453 No 38 (29.0) 93 (71.0) *Systemic arterial hypertension; †Diabetes mellitus. Source: Author’s elaboration, 2017. Table 3 - Association between the demographic and clinical characteristics of patients and smoking. Assessment using the Chi-square test Variables Smoking - n (%) p-value Yes No Sex Male 52 (36.1) 92 (63.9) 0.503 Female 26 (31.7) 56 (68.3) SAH* Yes 40 (29.6) 95 (70.4) 0.060 No 38 (41.8) 53 (58.2) DM† Yes 11 (22.0) 39 (78.0) 0.035 No 67 (38.1) 109 (61.9) Dislipidemia Yes 29 (36.3) 51 (63.8) 0.684 No 49 (33.6) 97 (66.4) Family history Yes 34 (35.8) 61 (64.2) 0.731 No 44 (33.6) 87 (66.4) *Systemic arterial hypertension †Diabetes mellitus. Source: Author’s elaboration, 2017. Table 4 - Association of alcohol consumption (g) with the severity of coronary injuries and with ventricular function. Assessment using the independent sample t-test Variables Alcohol - mean ± standard deviation Yes No p-value SYNTAX score 12.46 ± 7.85 13.26 ± 10.72 0.544 LVEF* 50.41 ± 11.95 50.24 ± 15.14 0.947 TIMI frame count † 25 (14 - 34) 24 (15 - 36) 0.885 *Left ventricle ejection fraction; †Median (interquartile amplitude). Source: Author’s elaboration, 2017. Albuquerque et al. Association smoking and alcohol consumption AMI Int J Cardiovasc Sci. 2019;32(3)261-268 Original Article ones. Furthermore, both alcohol and wine intake did not show any correlation with the complexity of injuries and the severity of the infarction – assessed by the SYNTAX score and the LVEF, as well as with the post-infarction coronary perfusion – assessed by the TIMI frame count method. This may indicate that, although alcohol has a protective effect on CAD risk and prevents development of atherosclerosis, 16 once CAD is established with coronary injuries, alcohol consumption or the amount of alcohol consumed has no effect on the complexity and the severity of injuries in AMI patients. However, the literature lacks studies that determine the correlation of alcohol consumption with the severity and complexity of coronary injuries. Anegative correlationwas found between the number of pack-year and the number of cigarettes per day with the TIMI frame count in STEMI patients – that is, with coronary perfusion after PCI. Thus, we can infer that the greater the number of cigarettes smoked or the tobacco smoking load, the lower the TFC value and, therefore, the faster the coronary reperfusion after PCI will take place.