ABC | Volume 113, Nº5, November 2019

Original Article Saraiva et al. Normal values for new echocardiographic techniques Arq Bras Cardiol. 2019; 113(5):935-945 Table 2 – 3D echocardiographic LA volume and function and LA strain analyses All n = 77 Men n = 36 Women n = 41 p value a 3DE Max LA Vol, mL/m 2 21.2 ± 5.5 21.6 ± 5.5 20.9 ± 5.5 0.63 Min LA Vol, mL/m 2 7.8 ± 2.5 8.3 ± 2.6 7.4 ± 2.4 0.11 Pre-A LA Vol, mL/m 2 11.0 ± 3.1 11.8 ± 3.1 10.4 ± 3.0 0.04 Total LA EF, % 63 ± 8 61 ± 7 64 ± 8 0.08 Active LA EF, % 29 ± 9 29 ± 9 29 ± 9 0.74 Passive LA EF, % 48 ± 10 45 ± 8 50 ± 11 0.03 LA Strain LASct, % -13.2 ± 2.0 -13.1 ± 2.4 -13.2 ± 1.5 0.70 LAScd, % 17.4 ± 5.2 16.8 ± 5.0 17.8 ± 5.3 0.36 LASr, % 30.5 ± 5.9 29.8 ± 6.0 31.1 ± 5.8 0.35 EF: emptying fraction; LA: left atrium; LASct: peak negative global LA ε; LAScd: peak positive global LA ε; LASr: total global LA ε; Max: maximum; Min: minimum; Pre-A LA vol: LA volume at the onset of LA contraction; 3DE: three-dimensional echocardiography; Vol: volume. a Student’s test-t comparing men vs. women. Table 3 – 3D echocardiographic analysis of LV volume, function and strain All n = 77 Men n = 36 Women n = 41 p value a 3DE LV end-diastolic volume, mL/m 2 57 ± 12 60 ± 10 54 ± 13 0.04 LV end-systolic volume, mL/m 2 24 ± 6 25 ± 5 22 ± 7 0.05 Ejection fraction, % 58 ± 6 58 ± 6 58 ± 6 0.61 LV Strain LV-GLS, % -19 ± 2 -19 ± 2 -20 ± 2 0.06 LV-GCS, % -19 ± 3 -18 ± 3 -20 ± 3 0.03 LV-GRS, % 46 ± 12 44 ± 12 48 ± 12 0.19 Peak apical rotation, 0 8.7 ± 4.2 7.9 ± 4.1 9.3 ± 4.2 0.19 Peak basal rotation, 0 -5.6 ± 3.0 -5.2 ± 2.5 -5.9 ± 3.3 0.31 Peak twist, 0 13.5 ± 5.0 12.6 ± 4.4 14.2 ± 5.4 0.18 Peak torsion, 0 /cm 1.6 ± 0.7 1.4 ± 0.5 1.7 ± 0.7 0.07 Untwist, 0 /s -116 ± 32 -110 ± 34 -119 ± 31 0.26 LV: left ventricle; LV-GLS: global LV longitudinal strain; LV-GCS: global LV circumferential strain; LV-GRS: global LV radial strain; 3DE: three-dimensional echocardiography. a Student’s test-t comparing men vs. women. the new echocardiographic indexes. Minimum LA volume correlated with age. LA pre-A volume and total LA emptying fraction correlated with age and gender. Passive LA emptying fraction correlated with age, gender and BMI. LASr and LAScd correlated with age and BMI. LV end-diastolic and end-systolic volumes correlated with age. LV-GCS correlated with gender. LV-GLS correlated with BMI. Age correlated with torsion and apical rotation. RV-GLS correlated with BMI and ethnicity and RV-fwGLS correlated with BMI. Intra- and interobserver variabilities The intra- and interobserver variabilities for 3DE LA volumes, LA and LV ε of our group using the same machine used in this article have already been published. 4,5 The mean differences (±1.96 SD) for intraobserver agreement for 3DE LV volumes were -2.4ml/m 2 (±5.0ml/m 2 ), -1.5 ml/m 2 (±4.0 ml/m 2 ) for end-diastolic and end-systolic LV volumes, respectively, and 0.5% (±6.7%) for LV ejection fraction. The mean differences for interobserver agreement for 3DE LV volumes were -7.8 ml/m 2 (±11.0 ml/m 2 ), -2.4 ml/m 2 (±5.6 ml/m 2 ) for end-diastolic and end-systolic LV volumes, respectively, and -1.5% (±7.2%) for LV ejection fraction. The mean differences for intraobserver agreement for RV ε were -0.3% (±2.2%) and -0.1% (±4.0%) for RV-GLS and RV‑fwGLS, respectively. The mean differences for interobserver agreement for RV ε were -0.4% (±2.8%) and 0.1% (±5.6%) for RV-GLS and RV-fwGLS, respectively. 939