IJCS | Volume 33, Nº3, May / June 2020

249 Table 3 - Association between central obesity and biochemical markers of cardiometabolic risk in elderly patients treated at a geriatric outpatient clinic in the city of Lagarto-SE Clinical variables Central obesity p No (n = 34) Yes (n = 125) n (%) n (%) TC Adequate 26 (68.4) 76 (62.8) 0.529 Altered 12 (31.6) 45 (37.2) LDL-C Adequate 26 (68.4) 77 (63.6) 0.590 Altered 12 (31.6) 44 (36.4) HDL-C Adequate 18 (47.4) 39 (32.2) 0.019 Altered 20 (52.6) 82 (67.8) Non-HDL-C Adequate 14 (41.2) 36 (28.8) 0.168 Altered 20 (58.8) 89 (71.2) TG Adequate 23 (60.5) 68 (56.2) 0.638 Altered 15 (39.5) 53 (43.8) Glucose Adequate 20 (52.6) 62 (51.2) 0.515 Altered 18 (47.4) 59 (48.8) Castelli’s index I Adequate 6 (17.6) 8 (6.4) 0.040 Altered 28 (82.4) 117 (93.6) Castelli’s index II Adequate 17 (50.0) 52 (41.6) 0.381 Altered 17 (50.0) 73 (58.4) Table 4 - Logistic regression of biochemical markers of cardiometabolic risk associated with the presence of Central Obesity in elderly patients treated at a geriatric outpatient clinic in the city of Lagarto-SE Variables OR (CI 95%) p HDL-C Adequate 1.00 0.021 Altered 2.48 (1.15-5.37) Non-HDL-C Adequate 1.00 0.171 Altered 1.73 (0.79-3.79) Castelli’s index I (TC/HDL-C) Adequate 1.00 0.049 Altered 3.13 (1.01-9.76) in which 55.6% of men and 76.6% of women (p = 0.024) presented increased cardiovascular risk according with Castelli’s index I. However, few studies have used this relationship for predicting the cardimetabolic risk and/ or its association with central obesity, which makes it difficult to compare the results with this variable. The high prevalence of central obesity observed in this study was also seen in 51.9% of the individuals in a study carried out by Pinho et al., 28 Similar results were presented by Ding et al., 1 in a multicentric study performed with 12,607 Chinese adults. It is worth mentioning that, although this is applicable to both sexes, these results are more often found in women. 4,24 Corroborating this statement, in a study performed by Soar, 4 the prevalence of abdominal adiposity was statistically higher in older women (76.16%) (p = 0.00). These data agree with those of Cabral, 27 in whose study 67.4% of women also presented high WC. In a study carried out only with elderly patients, Souza 29 observed that the majority of them (91.2%) also had central obesity. This heterogeneity of abdominal fat distribution between the sexes may be due to the higher body-fat percentage inwomen as a result of hormonal differences, pregnancy, menopause and the climacteric period. 30 Therefore, it is worth highlighting the importance of promoting healthy eating habits and lifestyle to reduce cardiometabolic risk factors in the population and, consequently, reduce hospitalization andmortality rates. As evidenced in a study developed in Canada, which assessed the association between adopting healthier lifestyle and decreased cardiovascular RF, for each increase of one healthy lifestyle habit, WC decreased by 4.0 cm and 4.8 cm for men and women, respectively. A decrease in TC of 0.2 mmol/L, in non-HDL-C of 0.2 mmol/L and in TG of 0.1 mmol/L was also observed. 31 Piepoli et al., 10 contributing to these data, highlight that, in the last three decades, more than half of the Oliveira et al. Cardiometabolic risk in elderly Int J Cardiovasc Sci. 2020; 33(3):245-251 Original Article