IJCS | Volume 33, Nº1, January / February 2019

29 Table 3 - Pain intensity according to patients’ body area MS group (n = 17) p-value* MI group (n = 17) p-value* Body region 3 rd PO 7 th PO 3 rd PO 7 th PO Right periclavicular 0.7 ± 2.0 0.7 ± 2.0 1.000 0.0 0.0 1.000 Left periclavicular 0.4 ± 1.6 0.2 ± 1.2 0.300 0.0 0.0 1.000 Intersection between 2 nd right intercostal space and right anterior axillary line 0.0 0.0 1.000 0.4 ± 1.0 0.0 0.100 Intersection between 4 th right intercostal space and right anterior axillary line 0.0 0.0 1.000 0.0 0.0 1.000 Intersection between 7 th right intercostal space and right anterior axillary line 0.0 0.0 1.000 0.2 ± 1.2 0.0 0.300 Periareolar 0.4 ± 1.6 0.2 ± 1.2 0.300 0.5 ± 1.2 0.1 ± 0.5 0.300 Submammary 0.4 ± 1.6 0.2 ± 1.2 0.700 1.3 ± 1.4 0.5 ± 0.9 0.070 Upper sternal 4.0 ± 2.6 2.8 ± 2.0 0.070 0.1 ± 0.7 0.0 0.300 Lower sternal 3.5 ± 2.7 3.0 ± 1.9 0.400 0.1 ± 0.4 0.1 ± 0.7 0.700 Subxiphoid 1.4 ± 2.2 0.2 ± 8.0 0.060 0.0 0.0 1.000 Intersection between 2 nd left intercostal space and left anterior axillary line 0.0 0.0 1.000 0.0 0.0 1.000 Intersection between 4 th left intercostal space and left anterior axillary line 0.0 0.0 1.000 0.0 0.0 1.000 Intersection between 7 th left intercostal space and left anterior axillary line 0.0 0.0 1.000 0.0 0.0 1.000 Right inguinal 0.3 ± 1.4 0.0 0.300 0.0 0.0 1.000 Left inguinal 0.0 0.0 1.000 0.0 0.0 1.000 Posterior cervical 1.0 ± 2.2 0.6 ± 1.9 0.600 0.0 0.0 1.000 Right scapular 2.5 ± 3.1 1.7 ± 3.0 0.500 0.2 ± 0.9 0.0 0.300 † Left scapular 1.4 ± 2.4 2.5 ± 3.3 0.100 0.8 ± 1.6 0.2 ± 0.6 0.100 † Vertebral 0.8 ± 1.9 1.2 ± 2.5 0.600 0.0 0.0 1.000 Right infrascapular 0.0 0.0 1.000 0.2 ± 1.2 0.4 ± 1.1 0.500 Left infrascapular 0.4 ± 1.6 0.0 0.300 0.2 ± 1.2 0.4 ± 1.3 0.300 Caption: MS: median sternotomy; MI: minithoracotomy; n: number of patients; %: frequency; PO: postoperative; *within group by paired Student’s t-test for continuous variables and z test for categorical variables; †p < 0.05 between groups by unpaired Student’s t-test for continuous variables and z test for categorical variables; 95% confidence level. Silva et al. Minimally invasive surgery–pain investigation Int J Cardiovasc Sci. 2020;33(1):24-33 Original Article