IJCS | Volume 33, Nº1, January / February 2019

16 Table 1 - Epidemiological and prognostic aspects of hospitalized patients with Infective Endocarditis Characteristic IUD (n = 9) NIUD (n = 8) ND (n = 194) Total (n = 211) p-value Age 56.9 ± 13 56.3 ± 9.7 45.7 ± 19.1 46.6 ± 18.8 0.071* Male gender 4 (44.4%) 5 (62.5%) 140 (72.2%) 149 (70.6%) 0.066† Definitive IE 6 (66.6%) 6 (75%) 106 (54.6%) 118 (55.9%) 0.277† Blood cultures performed 9 (100%) 8 (100%) 160 (82.5%) 177 (83.9%) - Positive blood culture 7 (77.8%) 7 (87.5%) 92 (47.4%) 106 (50.2%) 0.057† Defined location 9 (100%) 6 (75%) 192 (99%) 208 (98.6%) - Deaths L 3 (33.3%) 3 (37.5%) 41 (21.1%) 47 (22.3%) 0.229† ND: non diabetics; NIUD: non-insulin-user diabetics; IUD: insulin-user diabetics. The superscripts indicate the method used for the association analysis: * One-way analysis of variance; † multinomial logistic model. L Comparing the mortality of diabetics and non-diabetics, there was no statistical significance according to Fisher's exact test (p = 0.221). Lott Bezerra et al. Insulin use and infective endocarditis Int J Cardiovasc Sci. 2020;33(1):14-21 Original Article The Free and Informed Consent was waived, considering the retrospective design of the study, which was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Faculdade Ciências Médicas de Minas Gerais , under number CAEE 1.856.064. Study design This is an observational, retrospective and cross- sectional study. It has an analytical aspect, 26 as it compares and applies statistical tests to diabetic patients who are insulin users, non-insulin users and non-diabetic patients. A microbiological profile was collected according to the blood culture or valvular culture results that were described in themedical records. The site of EI involvement was collected according to transthoracic, transesophageal echocardiography or perioperative findings. Patients who used insulin only during hospital stay were not included in the insulin-user group. Any type of subcutaneous insulin used by the patients was considered (NPH, Regular, Glargine, Ultra-fast, Lispro, Aspart, etc.). The medical records that showed any doubts, of any nature, were evaluated again by the author. All data collected were entered into an Excel worksheet. Sample size The sample was calculated to test the proportion of diabetics among patients with infective endocarditis. Considering a significance level of 5% and a minimum power of 80%, using the result of a reference study, 7 to detect a minimum difference of 6.6% in the proportion of diabetics, at least 210 patients with IEwould be required. 27 Data analysis The categorical variables were shown as numbers and percentages, and the numerical variables as mean ± standard deviation (SD). The numerical variables were submitted to the Shapiro-Wilk normality test. The association between the analysis groups and the variables of interest was performed using a multinomial logistic model. The comparison of means was performed through one-way analysis of variance. The association between the type of diabetes and the presence of comorbidities was assessed using Fisher’s exact test. The analyses were carried out using the free program R, version 3.3.2, with a significance level of 5%. Results Epidemiological and prognostic aspects are shown in Table 01. A total of 211 patients were included in our analysis, 110 fromBelo Horizonte and 101 from Ipatinga. The mean age of the patients was 46.6 ± 18.8 years and 70.6% of the them were males. Regarding the outcome, the number of deaths was 47, representing a mortality rate of 22.3%. When analyzing the patients from Belo Horizonte and Ipatinga separately, it can be observed that the mortality rate was 20% and 20.7%, respectively. Table 2 shows the results regarding themicrobiological profile of our sample. Considering the positive blood