IJCS | Volume 32, Nº1, January/ February 2019

31 Table 2 - Complications in patients undergoing CABG surgery Complication N % Infectious Pneumonia 16 9.7 Mediastinitis 9 5.5 Surgical wound infection 9 5.5 Urinary tract infection 2 1.2 Empiema 1 0.6 Sepsis 6 3.6 Cardiovascular Cardiogenic shock 10 6.1 Perioperative myocardial infarction 6 3.6 Stroke 6 3.6 Pulmonary thromboembolism 1 0.6 Cardiac tamponade 2 1.2 Pericarditis 1 0.6 Acute arterial insufficiency of amputated segments 3 1.8 Arrhythmia Atrial fibrillation 20 12.2 Atrial flutter 3 1.8 Supraventricular tachycardia 2 1.2 Ventricular Tachycardia 2 1.2 Symptomatic Bradycardia or advanced blocks 5 3.0 Bleeding 15 9.1 Others Acute kidney failure (demanding dialysis) 14 8.3 Pleural effusion 8 4.8 Acute abdomen 7 4.2 Systemic inflammatory response syndrome 6 3.6 Pneumothorax 4 2.4 Reversed cardiorespiratory arrest 3 1.8 Digestive bleeding 2 1.2 Phrenic paralysis 2 1.2 Bronchospasm 1 0.6 Convulsion 1 0.6 Deaths 27 11.3 Table 3 - Average costs during hospitalization Cost R$ % Medications 4,673.29 20.6 Laboratory tests 592.46 2.6 Imaging tests 584.83 2.6 Materials 2,494.02 11.0 Profissionals 8,551.77 37.8 Indirect costs 5,750.87 25.4 Total 22,647.24 100.0 Barbosa et al. Complications of CABG and hospital expenses Int J Cardiovasc Sci. 2019;32(1)28-34 Original Article (SD = R$ 56,287.27), and the patients without cardiovascular complications showed an average expenditure of R$ 18,409.06 (SD = R$ 15,902.53) (p < 0.005). The patients with infectious complications, corresponding to 37 individuals, showed a mean expenditure of hospitalization of R$ 53,949.79 (SD = R$ 56,814.94), whereas the patients without infectious complications showed an expenditure of R$ 16,941.84 (SD = R$ 12,130.63) (p < 0.001). The additional expenditures for complications, as well as the additional mean length of stay are demonstrated in Table 4. The occurrence of multiple complications during hospital stay are associatedwith increased hospitalization costs, as shown in Table 5. With regard to the intra-hospital mortality, 27 deaths (11.3%) were observed. The mean age of the patients who died was 68.2 years, whereas those who survived had a mean age of 60.9 years (p = 0.001). Mortality in patients who presented with at least one complication was 27.8%. The patients who died had an average hospitalization cost of R$ 40,497.63, with standard deviation of R$ 44,819.92, whereas those who survived had a mean cost of R$ 20,384.51, with standard deviation of R$ 24,463.07 (p = 0.036). Table 6 shows the comparisons between the patients who died and those who survived. Discussion An understanding of the hospital costs due to CABG-related complications is important because this