IJCS | Volume 31, Nº5, September / October 2018

DOI: 10.5935/2359-4802.20180061 527 ORIGINAL ARTICLE International Journal of Cardiovascular Sciences. 2018;31(5)527-531 Mailing Address: Cynthia Kallás Bachur Rua Alberto de Azevedo, 2020. Postal code: 14405-281, Jardim Califórnia, Franca, SP - Brazil. E-mail: cynthia.bachur@unifran.edu.br Incidence and Characteristics Angiographic of Patients with Acute Myocardial Cynthia Kallás Bachur, 1,2 José Alexandre Bachur, 1 Juliana Pereira Machado, 3 Eugenia Velludo Veiga, 2 Sarah da Silva Candido, 2 RicardoBarbosa, 4 JuliaGranadoCarraro, 1 Daniellede FreitasGonçalves, 1 MariaGeorginaMarquesTonello 1 Universidade de Franca, 1 Franca, SP - Brazil Universidade de São Paulo, 2 São Paulo, SP - Brazil Centro Universitário Barão de Mauá, 3 Ribeirão Preto, SP - Brazil Hospital do Coração de Franca, 4 Franca, SP - Brazil Manuscript received August 23, 2017; revised August 31, 2017; accepted September 25, 2017. Abstract Background: Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is defined as the death of cardiomyocytes due to prolonged ischemia, caused by thrombosis and / or vasospasm on an atherosclerotic plaque. Objective: To determine the incidence of patients with myocardial infarction undergoing primary angioplasty; characterize the anthropometric variables and identify the risk factors in this population. Methods: This was a cross-sectional, observational, retrospective study in which we collected secondary data from medical records of a hospital in a city in the state of São Paulo, where the largest number of interventions is via Public Health System, patients with a diagnosis of Myocardial Infarction, undergoing primary coronary angioplasty, from January 2011 to December 2013. Results: The total sample consisted of 437 subjects, 282 male and 155 female. In this study, there was predominance of myocardial infarction in the anterior descending artery ADA (45.51%), followed by right coronary artery RCA (38.46%), in carrying out the rescue angioplasty and stent implantation in 96.62%of cases. There was a predominance of high blood pressure as risk factors for 73.71%, followed by smoking with 41.66% of the sample. Conclusion: According to the present study data, it appears a higher prevalence of infarction occurred in the ADA, with individuals performing the rescue angioplasty procedure and the placement of the stent, and a growing incidence of drug stent placement. We observed a high incidence of risk factors, prevailing hypertension. (Int J Cardiovasc Sci. 2018;31(5)527-531) Keywords: Myocardial Infarction; Risk Factors; Angioplasty; Drug-Eluting Stents; Hypertension; Tobaco Use Disorder. Introduction Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are among the leading causes of death in Brazil and acute myocardial infarction comes second on this list as being the leading cause of death in most developed countries. Estimates suggest that this will also occur in the coming decades in developing countries. 1 Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is defined as the death of cardiomyocytes due to prolonged ischemia, caused by thrombosis and/or vasospasm on an atherosclerotic plaque. 2 Most events are caused by sudden rupture and thrombus formation on plaques inflamed, lipid-rich and thin fibrous layers. The myocardium undergoes progressive aggression due to areas of ischemia, injury and necrosis, caused consecutively by electrolytic disturbances, reversible morphological changes and definitive damages. Clinical presentation may range from non-ST segment elevation AMI to ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. Rapid diagnosis, immediate clearance of the coronary artery, maintenance of blood flow in the myocardium,