IJCS | Volume 31, Nº5, September / October 2018

DOI: 10.5935/2359-4802.20180052 492 ORIGINAL ARTICLE International Journal of Cardiovascular Sciences. 2018;31(5)492-498 Mailing Address: Thalita dos Anjos Azevedo Rua Calumbi, 340/409. Postal Code: 21361-260, Irajá, Rio de Janeiro, RJ - Brazil. E-mail: azevedothalita@hotmail.com, thalitinha25@gmail.com Cardiovascular Risk Estimation by the ASCVD Risk Estimator Application in a University Hospital Thalita dos Anjos Azevedo, Marlos Luiz Villela Moreira, Ana Paula Cassetta dos Santos Nucera Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO), Rio de Janeiro, RJ - Brazil Manuscript received May 05, 2017; revised manuscript July 31, 2017; accepted February 15, 2018. Abstract Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are responsible for many deaths in Brazil and in the world, especially in the economically active population. Risk factors for these diseases include comorbidities such as high blood pressure (HBP), diabetes mellitus (DM) and dyslipidemia. Innovation of portable technology combined with the high prevalence of CVDs motivated the development of the ASCVD Risk Estimator by the American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology. Objectives: Estimate the cardiovascular risk of patients hospitalized in the internal medicine wards of Gaffrée e Guinle University Hospital (HUGG) using the ASCVD Risk Estimator, and describe the main risk factors in this population. Methods: A prospective, cross-sectional study was conducted, the following data were collected from the medical records: sex, age, ethnicity, presence of HBP, DM, systolic arterial pressure, smoking habits, total cholesterol and HDL levels. Statistical analysis was performed by the chi-square test, with calculation of p-value, relative risk and confidence interval in the correlations. Results: A total of 339 medical records were reviewed, and 72 (21.2%) fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Twenty-three (32%) patients were classified as at high cardiovascular risk by the application. The main risk factors in the high risk group were age greater than or equal to 60 years (n = 21; 91.30%), dyslipidemia (n = 15; 65,2%), high blood pressure (n = 15; 65.2%), male sex (n = 13; n = 56.5%) and smoking (n = 11; 47.8%). Conclusion: Approximately one third of the study population had a high cardiovascular risk; HBP and dyslipidemia were the most prevalent modifiable risk factor in the high risk group. We may say that there is no single protocol or score available able to estimate the cardiovascular risk of all individuals in the same way, and therefore, the physician must individually evaluate the patients and be updated on the best methods of disease prevention to improve current approaches. (Int J Cardiovasc Sci. 2018;31(5)492-498) Keywords: Cardiovascular diseases, Technology, Risk Factors. Introduction Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) account for more than 308,000 deaths a year from acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and stroke. 1 Because of the high frequency of these conditions, Brazil is among the ten countries with the greatest number of deaths caused by CVDs. 1,2 Half of these deaths in Brazil involve adults aged 30-69 years, i.e., in the productive period of life. 3 The most common non-communicable diseases, such as high blood pressure (HBP), type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and dyslipidemia have many risk factors in common and, for this reason, the World Health Organization (WHO) proposes an integrated preventive and control approach based on reduction of blood pressure (BP), smoking habits, alcohol consumption, sedentary lifestyle, unhealthy diet, obesity and hypercholesterolemia. 2,3