IJCS | Volume 31, Nº4, July / August 2018

DOI: 10.5935/2359-4802.20180036 393 ORIGINAL ARTICLE International Journal of Cardiovascular Sciences. 2018;31(4)393-404 Mailing Address: Rafael Michel de Macedo Rua Pedro Collere, 890. Postal Code: 80320-320, Vila Izabel, Curitiba, PR - Brazil. E-mail: rafael.macedo@hospitalcostantini.com.br, acbrandt@bol.com.br Superior Cardiovascular Effect of the Periodized Model for Prescribed Exercises as Compared to the Conventional one in Coronary Diseases Rafael Michel de Macedo, 1,2 Ana Carolina Brandt de Macedo, 3 Jose R. Faria-Neto, 2 Costantino R. Costantini, 1 Costantino O. Costantini, 1 Marcia Olandoski, 2 Flavio Sebastião Neto, 1 Rafael P. da Silveira, 1 Katherine A. Teixeira de Carvalho 4 , Luiz Cesar Guarita-Souza 2 Hospital Cardiológico Costantini, 1 Curitiba, PR - Brazil Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, 2 Curitiba, PR - Brazil Universidade Federal do Paraná, 3 Curitiba, PR - Brazil Hospital Pequeno Príncipe, 4 Curitiba, PR - Brazil Manuscript received July 25, 2017, reviewed November 27, 2017, accepted December 19, 2017. Abstract Background: Physical exercise improves the survival and quality of life of coronary patients, but the ideal way of prescribing these exercises is still controversial. Objective: To create a new periodized model for the prescription of exercises for coronary patients and compare it with a conventional model. Methods: 62 coronary patients under pharmacological treatment were randomized into two groups: conventional (NPG, n = 33) and periodized (PG, n = 29) training. The two groups were submitted to the same exercises during the 36 sessions making up the program, but prescribed in different ways. All patients underwent an evaluation consisting of: medical admission consultancy, cardiopulmonary endurance testing, 1 maximum repetition test (1MR) and body composition evaluation. Results: The VO 2 peak improved in both groups, although more effectively in the PG (4% against 1.7%, p < 0.001). In addition, the functional capacity of this group improved by 13%, and there was a significant reduction in the percent body fat (2.1%, p < 0.005) and body weight (1.9 kg, p < 0.005). The muscle strength of both groups improved as diagnosed by the 1RM test for six different muscle groups (quadriceps, hamstrings, brachial biceps, brachial triceps, pectoral and large dorsal), and showed no significant difference between the groups, evidencing that the two models had the same efficiency. Conclusions: The present study showed that periodization of the training of cardiac patients can improve their cardiorespiratory capacity and reduce the percent body fat more effectively than the conventional one. (Int J Cardiovasc Sci. 2018;31(4)393-404) Keywords: Coronary Artery Disease / physiopathology; Exercise; Exercise Therapy; Exercise Movement Techniques; Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. Introduction According to the World Health Organization, cardiovascular disease is responsible for 33% of all deaths occurring in the world per year. 1 In Brazil, more than 900,000 deaths of individuals over the age of 30 years were registered in 2011. 2 Despite this, the number of patients over the age of 60 years who survive a cardiovascular event and require secondary care is increasing every year. 2 Therefore, the regular practice of physical exercise and/or of cardiac rehabilitation has become fundamental for the reduction in mortality and comorbidities associated with cardiovascular disease. 3,4 Exercise training in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients include improvements in cardiovascular and skeletal muscle functions, endurance, inflammation,