IJCS | Volume 31, Nº4, July / August 2018

369 Table 1 - Lipid profile of adolescents aged 10 to 19 years GENERAL TABLE (n = 600; male = 278; female = 322) Values (%) n (%) n (%) n (%) n Lipids TC HDL-c LDL-c TG Desired (72) 432 (48) 288 (77) 465 (70) 421 Increased (28) 168 ------------- (23)135 (30) 179 Low ------------- (52) 312 ------------- ------------- STRATIFICATION BETWEEN SEXES Values (%) n (%) n (%) n (%) n FEMALE 54% n = 322 Lipids TC HDL-c LDL-c TG Desired (69) 221 (48) 155 (75) 243 (67) 216 Increased (31) 101 ------------- (25) 79 (33) 106 Low ------------- (52) 167 ------------- ------------- MALE 46% n = 278 Lipids TC HDL-c LDL-c TG Desired (76) 211 (48) 133 (80) 222 (74) 205 Increased (24) 67 ------------- (20) 56 (26) 73 Low ------------- (52) 145 ------------- ------------- Values according to the 2017 Brazilian Guideline on Dyslipidemia and Atherosclerosis Prevention. 10 TC: total cholesterol; HDL-c: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-c: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; TG: triglycerides; n: absolute number of individuals. Cunha et al. Lipid profile in adolescents Int J Cardiovasc Sci. 2018;31(4)367-373 Original Article in this study and in the specialized literature. Similar results have also been reported by Silva et al. 14 in a study conducted in the city of Janeiro, and by Araki et al. 15 in a study conducted in the city of Aracaju, Sergipe state, and by Kruger et al. 16 in a study conducted in themunicipality of Mamboré, Paraná state. 16 The serum levels of TG in adolescents aged 10 to 14 years were higher in the female sex, which has been also reported by Silva et al. 14 and Kruger et al. 16 Regarding LDL-c, the findings are similar to those reported by Araki et al. 13 and by Seki et al., 17 who have shown a strong positive correlation between LDL-c and non-HDL-c, between LDL-c and TC, and between non- HDL-c and TC. Some negative correlations have been reported involving non-HDL-c and HDL-c, coinciding with the same studies. In addition, our study showed that as the adolescents from the 10-to-14-year-old group aged, their serum levels of LDL-c, TCand non-HDL-c decreased. Several studies have shown that non-HDL-c is one of the best indicators of the atherosclerotic risk in children and adolescents, 18-20 because it is more strongly associated with lesions in the abdominal aorta and coronary arteries than the other lipids are, 20-22 in addition to being associated with metabolic diseases. 23 The stronger correlations of non-HDL-c with the other lipids (TG, LDL-c and TC) found in this study as compared to those of LDL-c are in accordance with the literature, and the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI) has already included reference values for non-HDL-c, recommending it for screening during childhood. 24 In adults, non-HDL-c is a better predictor of CVD than LDL-c is. 25,26 In this study, among the adolescents aged 10 to 19 years, changes in HDL-c levels were observed in 52% of the sample, similarly to the study by Silva et al. 11 conducted in the municipality of Barras, Piauí state, which reported changes in HDL-c levels in 70% of the sample, and the