IJCS | Volume 31, Nº4, July / August 2018

326 de Souza e Silva et al. Cardiorespiratory optimal point in soccer players Int J Cardiovasc Sci. 2018;31(4)323-332 Original Article Table 1 - Major demographic characteristics and results of maximal cardiopulmonary exercise test on treadmill of professional soccer players Variables* Total (n = 198) Goalkeeper (n = 13) Left/right-back (n = 27) Center-defender (n = 32) Midfielder (n = 76) Forwarder (n = 50) p value Characteristics Age (years) 23 (21 - 27) 22 (19 - 24) 26 (21 - 28) 22 (21 - 26) 23 (21 - 28) 24 (10 - 27) 0.35 Weight (kg) 76.7 ± 7.6 85.1 ± 4.7 74.3 ± 6.2 80.7 ± 5.4 74.1 ± 7.6 ß 77.3 ± 7.6 ß < 0.01 Height (cm) 179.2 ± 6.4 187.5 ± 4.1 175.5 ± 4.2 184.3 ± 3.8 176.5 ± 6.0 ß 180.0 ± 5.8 < 0.01 Body mass index (kg.m -2 ) 23.9 ± 1.8 24.2 ± 1.1 24.1 ± 1.7 23.8 ± 1.6 23.8 ± 1.8 23.9 ± 2.1 0.86 HR at rest (bpm) 59 (53 - 66) 62 (57 - 66) 57 (51 - 62) a 61 (53 - 65) 61 (54 - 66) 57 (52 - 66) 0.15 SBP at rest (mm Hg) 130 ± 10 130 ± 8 130 ± 14 129 ± 7 129 ± 11 131 ± 10 0.92 DBP at rest (mm Hg) 70 ± 9 72 ± 7 71 ± 11 70 ± 8 70 ± 9 71 ± 9 0.95 Resting spirometry FEV1 (L) 4.31 (3.94 - 4.69) 4.74 (4.35 - 5.04) 4.16 (3.96 - 4.41) 4.44 (4.13 - 5.00) $ 4.24 (3.79 - 4.61) ß 4.41 (3.90 - 4.71) ß ,#, € < 0.01 % of predicted FEV1 98.5 (90.8 - 105.6) 101.9 (93.9 - 105.3) 96.7 (93.5 - 104.8) 98.5 (88.6 - 105.8) 98.5 (91.6 - 105.0) 100.8 (87.3 - 107.0) 0.99 FVC (L) 5.05 ± 0.68 5.70 ± 0.68 4.83 ± 0.50 5.23 ± 0.66 4.94 ± 0.62 ß 5.05 ± 0.75 ß , €, # < 0.01 % of predicted FVC 96.2 ± 10.5 100.5 ± 10.8 95.7 ± 8.4 94.0 ± 10.3 97.0 ± 10.0 95.6 ± 12.1 0.38 FEV1/FVC ratio (%) 86.0 ± 5.3 83.1 ± 5.6 87.3 ± 4.1 a 87.6 ± 5.3 a 85.4 ± 5.1 c 85.8 ± 5.9 0.05 CPX Duration (min) 13.0 (13.0 - 14.0) 13.0 (13.0 - 14.0) 14.0 (13.0 - 14.0) 13.0 (13.0 - 14.0) b 14.0 (13.0 - 14.0) 13.0 (13.0 - 14.0) b 0.09 Maximal RER 1.10 (1.06 - 1.15) 1.09 (1.06 - 1.13) 1.09 (1.05 - 1.15) 1.13 (1.07 - 1.16) 1.11 (1.06 - 1.15) 1.10 (1.06 - 1.14) 0.59 Maximal HR (bpm) 192 ± 9 194 ± 8 187 ± 7 194 ± 10 $ 192 ± 10 $, € 192 ± 8 $, € ,# 0.01 Maximal VE (L.min -1 ) 123.2 (113.1 - 133.2) 129.8 (122.6 - 135.2) 123.1 (112.8 - 133.7) 125.4 (113.7 - 136.0) 121.7 (111.6 - 129.9) a 122.9 (113.9 - 134.4) 0.30 Maximal velocity (km.h -1 ) 18.8 (18.4 - 19.2) 18.4 (18.0 - 19.2) 19.2 (18.4 - 19.5) 18.5 (17.9 - 19.2) b 18.8 (18.4 - 19.2) 18.6 (18.4 - 19.2) b 0.13 COP (lowest VE/VO 2 ) 18.2 ± 2.1 19.1 ± 2.2 18.7 ± 2.1 17.9 ± 2.5 18.1 ± 2.2 18.2 ± 1.9 ß 0.41 Time to reach COP (min) 2.0 (2.0 - 3.0) 3.0 (2.0 - 4.0) 2.0 (2.0 - 3.0) 2.0 (2.0 - 3.0) 2.0 (2.0 - 2.5) a 2.0 (2.0 - 2.0) a.c 0.07 Velocity at the COP (km.h -1 ) 9.6 (9.6 - 10.4) 10.4 (9.6 - 11.2) 9.6 (9.6 - 10.4) 9.6 (9.6 - 10.4) 9.6 (9.6 - 10.0) a 9.6 (9.6 - 9.6) a.c 0.07 HR at the COP (bpm) 132 (122 - 142) 142 (134 - 148) 131 (122 - 138) 139 (128 - 152) $ 131 (121 - 140) $ 128 (121-137) ß ,# < 0.01