IJCS | Volume 31, Nº4, July / August 2018

412 Alvim et al. Prevalence of peripheral artery disease Int J Cardiovasc Sci. 2018;31(4)405-413 Original Article 1. Kullo IJ, Rooke TW. Clinical Practice. Peripheral artery disease. N Engl J Med. 2016;374(9):861-71. 2. Olin JW, White CJ, Armstrong EJ, Kadian-Dodov D, Hiatt WR. Peripheral artery disease: evolving role of exercise, medical therapy, and endovascular options. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2016;67(11):1338-57. 3. Criqui MH, Langer RD, Fronek A, Feigelson HS, Klauber MR, McCann TJ, et al. Mortality over a period of 10 years in patients with peripheral arterial disease. N Engl J Med. 1992;326(6):381-6. 4. Criqui MH, Ninomiya JK, Wingard DL, Ji M, Fronek A. Progression of peripheral arterial disease predicts cardiovascular disease morbidity and mortality. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2008;52(21):1736-42. 5. Dormandy JA, Betteridge DJ, Schernthaner G, Pirags V, Norgren L; PROactive investigators. Impact of peripheral arterial disease in patients with diabetes--results from PROactive (PROactive 11). Atherosclerosis. 2009;202(1):272-81. 6. Jager A, Kostense PJ, Ruhe HG, Heine RJ, Nijpels G, Dekker JM, et al. Microalbuminuria and peripheral arterial disease are independent predictors of cardiovascular and all-cause mortality, especially among hypertensive subjects: five-year follow-up of the Hoorn Study. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 1999;19(3):617-24. 7. Kornitzer M, Dramaix M, Sobolski J, Degre S, De Backer G. Ankle/arm pressure index in asymptomatic middle-aged males: an independent predictor of ten-year coronary heart disease mortality. Angiology. 1995;46(3):211-9. 8. Resnick HE, Lindsay RS, McDermott MM, Devereux RB, Jones KL, Fabsitz RR, et al. Relationship of high and low ankle brachial index to all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality: the Strong Heart Study. Circulation. 2004;109(6):733-9. 9. Criqui MH, Langer RD, Fronek A, Feigelson HS. 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ACC/AHA 2005 guidelines for the management of patients with peripheral arterial disease (lower extremity, renal, mesenteric, and abdominal aortic): executive summary a collaborative report from the AmericanAssociation for Vascular Surgery/Society for Vascular Surgery, Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions, Society for Vascular Medicine and Biology, Society of Interventional Radiology, and the ACC/AHA Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Writing Committee to Develop Guidelines for the Management of Patients With Peripheral Arterial Disease) endorsed by the American Association of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Rehabilitation; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; Society for Vascular Nursing; TransAtlantic Inter- Society Consensus; and Vascular Disease Foundation. J AmColl Cardiol. 2006;47(6):1239-312. 13. Norgren L, Hiatt WR, Dormandy JA, Nehler MR, Harris KA, Fowkes FG, et al; TASC II Working Group. Inter-society consensus for the management of peripheral arterial disease (TASC II). J Vasc Surg. 2007;45 Suppl S:S5-67. 14. Rooke TW, Hirsch AT, Misra S, Sidawy AN, Beckman JA, Findeiss LK, et al; American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines; Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions; Society of Interventional Radiology; Society for Vascular Medicine; Society for Vascular Surgery. 2011 ACCF/ AHA focused update of the guideline for themanagement of patientswith peripheral artery disease (updating the 2005 guideline): a report of the AmericanCollege of Cardiology Foundation/AmericanHeart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines: developed in collaboration with the Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions, Society of References which are similar to those in other epidemiological studies including different ethnic groups. Author contributions Conception and design of the research and writing of the manuscript: AlvimRO, Dias FAL, Krieger JE, Pereira AC; Acquisition of data abd analysis and interpretation of the data: AlvimRO, Dias FAL, Oliveira CM, Horimoto ARVR, Ulbrich AZ; Statistical analysis: Alvim RO; Obtaining financing: Krieger JE; Critical revision of the manuscript for intellectual content: Oliveira CM, Horimoto ARVR, Ulbrich AZ, Pereira AC. Potential Conflict of Interest No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported. Sources of Funding This study was funded by FAPESP, Hospital Samaritano and SUS. Study Association This study is not associated with any thesis or dissertation work. Ethics approval and consent to participate This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo under the protocol number SDC: 3485/10/074. All the procedures in this study were in accordance with the 1975 Helsinki Declaration, updated in 2013. Informed consent was obtained from all participants included in the study.