ABC | Volume 112, Nº5, Maio 2019

Atualização Atualização das Diretrizes em Cardiogeriatria da Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia - 2019 Arq Bras Cardiol. 2019; 112(5):649-705 48. Hall SM, Humfleet GL, Gorecki JA, Muñoz RF, Reus VI, Prochaska JJ. Older versus younger treatment-seeking smokers: differences in smoking behavior,drugandalcoholuse,andpsychosocialandphysical functioning. Nicotine Tob Res. 2008;10(3):463-70. 49. 2008 PHS Guideline Update Panel, Liaisons, and Staff. Treating tobacco use and dependence: 2008 Update U.S. Public Health Service Clinical PracticeGuideline executive summary. Respir Care. 2008;53(9):1217-22. 50. Bratzler DW, Oehlert WH, Austelle A. Smoking in the elderly – it´s never too late to quit. J Okla State Med Assoc. 2002;95(3):185-91. 51. Buckland A, Connolly MJ. Age-related differences in smoking cessation advice and support given to patients hospitalized with smoking-related illness. Age Ageing. 2005;34(6):639-42. 52. Andrews JO, Heath J, Graham-Garcia J. Management of tobacco dependence in older adults: using evidence-based strategies J Gerontol Nurs. 2004;30(12):13-24. 53. Tait RJ, Hulse GK, Waterreus A, Flicker L, Lautenschlager NT, Jamrozik K et al. Effectiveness of a smoking cessation intervention in older adults. Addiction. 2007;102(1):148-55. 54. Burton LC, Paglia MJ, German PS, Shapiro S, Damiano AM. The effect among older persons of a general preventive visit on three health behaviors: smoking, excessive alcohol drinking, and sedentary lifestyle. The Medicare Preventive Services Research Team. Prev Med. 1995;24(5):492-7. 55. MorganGD, Noll EL, Orleans CT, Rimer BK, Amfoh K, BonneyG. Reaching midlife and older smokers: tailored interventions for routinemedical care. Prev Med. 1996;25(3):346-54. 56. WorldHealthOrganization (WHO). The challenge of obesity in theWHO European region and the strategies for response. Denmark:WorldHealth Organization; 2007. p. 1-59. 57. EibenG, Dey DK, Rothenberg E, Steen B, Björkelund C, Bengtsson C et al. Obesity in 70-year-old Swedes: secular changes over 30 years. Int J Obes (Lond). 2005,29(7):810-7. 58. McTigue K, Larson JC, Valoski A, Burke G, Kotchen J, Lewis CE et al. Mortality and cardiac and vascular outcomes in extremely obese women. JAMA. 2006;296(1):79-86. 59. Freedman DM, Ron E, Ballard-Barbash R, Doody MM, Linet MS. Body mass index and all-cause mortality in a nationwide US cohort. Int J Obes (Lond). 2006;30(5):822-9. 60. Pischon T, Boeing H, Hoffmann K, Bergmann M, Schulze MB, Overvad K et al. General and abdominal adiposity and risk of death in Europe. N Engl J Med. 2008;359(20):2105-20. Erratum in: N Engl J Med. 2010;362(25):2433. 61. Janssen I, Katzmarzyk PT, Ross R. Body mass index is inversely related to mortality in older people after adjustment for waist circumference. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2005;53(12):2112-8. 62. Grabowski DC, Ellis JE. High body mass index does not predict mortality in older people: analysis of the Longitudinal Study of Aging. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2001;49(7):968-79. 63. Guallar-Castillon P, Balboa-Castillo T, Lopez-Garcia E, León-Muñoz LM, Gutiérrez-Fisac JL, Banegas JR et al. BMI, waist circumference, and mortality according to health status in the older adult population of Spain. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2009;17(12):2232-38. 64. Zamboni M, Mazzali G, Zoico E, Harris TB, Meigs JB, Di Francesco V et al. Health consequences of obesity in the elderly: a reviewof four unresolved questions. Int J Obes (Lond). 2005;29(9):1011-29. 65. FlegalKM,KitBK,OrpanaH,GraubardBI.Associationofall-causemortality with overweight and obesity using standard body mass index categories: a systematic review andmeta-analysis. JAMA. 2013;309(1):71-82. 66. McGee DL; Diverse Populations Collaboration. Body mass index and mortality: a meta-analysis based on person-level data from twenty-six observational studies. Ann Epidemiol. 2005;15(2):87-97. 67. Janssen I, Mark AE. Elevated body mass index and mortality risk in the elderly. Obes Rev. 2007;8(1):41-59. 68. World Health Organization (WHO). Consultation on obesity. Geneva; 1999. (WHO technical report series; 894). 69. Martínez-González MA, García-Arellano A, Toledo E, Bes-Rastrollo M, BullóM, CorellaDet al. Obesity indexes and total mortality among elderly subjects at high cardiovascular risk: The PREDIMED Study. PLoS One. 2014;9(7):e103246. 70. deHollanderEL,BemelmansWJ,BoshuizenHC,FriedrichN,Wallaschofski H, Guallar-Castillón P et al; WC elderly collaborators. The association betweenwaist circumference and risk of mortality considering bodymass index in 65- to 74-year-olds: ameta-analysis of 29 cohorts involvingmore than 58000 elderly persons. Int J Epidemiol. 2012;41(3):805-17. 71. Dhana K, Koolhaas CM, van RossumEF, IkramMA, Hofman A, Kavousi M et al. Metabolically healthy obesity and the risk of cardiovascular disease in the elderly population. PLoS One. 2016;11(4):e0154273. 72. ThompsonPD,ArenaR,RiebeD,PescatelloLS;AmericanCollegeofSports Medicine.ACSMnewpreparticipationhealthscreeningrecommendations from ACSMs Guidelines for Exercise Testing and Prescription. Ninth edition. Curr Sports Med Rep. 2013;12(4):215-7. 73. Whaley MH, Brubaker PH, Otto RM, Armstrong LE. ACSM’S guidelines for exercise testing & prescription. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2006. 74. Canada Public Health Agency of Canada. Physical activity tips for older adults (65 years and older). [Internet]. [Cited in 2017 Dec 10]. Available from: https://www.canada/ca/content/dam/phac-aspx/migration/ 75. US Department of Health and Physical Activity Guidelines Advisory Committee. Report 2008. [Internet]. [Cited in 2017 Dec 10]. Available from: https://health.gov/paguidelines/report/pdf/committeeReport.pdf. 76. Gravina,CF,CrespanSM,AraújoN.Envelhecimentoeriscocardiovascular. In: Sociedade de Cardiologia do Estado de São Paulo (SOCESP). Tratando de Cardiologia da Socesp. São Paulo: Manole; 2009. 77. Janssen I, Jolliffe CJ. Influence of physical activity on mortality in elderly with coronary artery disease. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2006;38(3):418-7. 78. World Health Organization (WHO). Physical activity and older adults. [Cited in 2017 Feb 16]. Available from: http://www.who.int/ dietpshysicalactivity/factsheet-olderadults/en. 79. Meneghello RS, AraújoCG, Stein R, Mastrocolla LE, Albuquerque PF, Serra SMet al; Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia. [III Guidelines of Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia on the exercise test]. Arq Bras Cardiol. 2010;95(5 Suppl 1):1-26. 80. Freitas EV, Py L. Tratado de geriatria e gerontologia. 4. ed. Rio de Janeiro: Guanabara Koogan; 2016. p. 667-74. 81. Price GM, Uauy R, Breeze E, Bulpitt CJ, Fletcher AE. Weight, shape and mortality risk in older persons: elevated waist-hip ratio, not high body mass index, is associated with a greater risk of death. Am J Clin Nutr. 2006;84(2):449-60. 82. Costa RC, Carrera MA. Ergometria, ergoespirometria, cintilografia e ecocardiografia de esforço. São Paulo: Atheneu; 2007. p. 59-64. 83. MoreiraMC, Montenegro ST, Paola AA. Livro texto da Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia. 2. ed. Barueri (SP): Manole; 2015. p.128.65. 84. American College of Sports Medicine. ACSM’s Guidelines for exercise testing & prescription. 7. ed. Baltimore: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2006. 85. KatzelLI,BlumenthalJ,SorkinJD,GoldbergAP.Dyslipoproteinemia.In:Halter JB,OuslanderJG,TinettiMEetal.(editors).Hazzard’sgeriatricmedicineand gerontology. 6. ed. NewYork: McGraw-Hill; 2009. p. 1325-42. 86. Long SB, Blaha MJ, Blumenthal RS, Michos ED. Clinical utility of rosuvastatin and other statins for cardiovascular risk reduction among the elderly. Clin Interv Aging. 2011;6:27-35. 697