ABC | Volume 111, Nº2, Agosto 2018

Posicionamento 1º Posicionamento Brasileiro sobre o Impacto dos Distúrbios de Sono nas Doenças Cardiovasculares da Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia Arq Bras Cardiol. 2018; 111(2):290-340 230. Limbruno U, Strata G, Zucchi R, Baglini R, Mengozzi G, Balbarini A, et al. Altered autonomic cardiac control in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Role of outflow tract obstruction and myocardial hypertrophy. Eur Heart J. 1998;19(1):146-53. PMID: 9503188. 231. Sengupta PP, Sorajja D, Eleid MF, Somers VK, Ommen SR, Parish JM, et al. Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy and sleep-disordered breathing: an unfavorable combination. Nat Clin Pract Cardiovasc Med. 2009;6(1):14-5. doi: 10.1038/ncpcardio1401. 232. Nistri S, Olivotto I, Betocchi S, Losi MA, Valsecchi G, Pinamonti B, et al. Prognostic significance of left atrial size in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (from the Italian Registry for Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy). Am J Cardiol. 2006;98(7):960-5. doi: 10.1016/j. amjcard.2006.05.013. 233. Nerbass FB, Pedrosa RP, Danzi-Soares NJ, Drager LF, Arteaga-Fernández E, Lorenzi-Filho G. Obstructive sleep apnea and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: A common and potential harmful combination. Sleep Med Rev. 2013;17(3):201-6. doi: 10.1016/j.smrv.2012.06.006. 234. Geske JB, Sorajja P, Ommen SR, Nishimura RA. Left ventricular outflow tract gradient variability in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Clin Cardiol. 2009;32(7):397-402. doi: 10.1002/clc.20594. 235. Nerbass FB, Salemi VM, Pedrosa RP, Portilho NP, Ferreira-Filho JC, Moriya HT, et al. Acute effects of nasal CPAP in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Chest. 2016;150(5):1050-8. doi: 10.1016/j.chest.2016.05.004. 236. Drager LF, Lopes HF, Maki-Nunes C, Trombetta IC, Toschi-Dias E, Alves MJ, et al. The impact of obstructive sleep apnea on metabolic and inflammatory markers in consecutive patients with metabolic syndrome. PLoSOne. 2010;5(8):e12065. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0012065. 237. Wilcox I,McNamara SG, Collins FL, Grunstein RR, SullivanCE. “Syndrome Z”: the interaction of sleepapnoea, vascular risk factors and heart disease. Thorax. 1998;53 Suppl 3:S25-8. PMID: 10193357. 238. Li J, Thorne LN, Punjabi NM, Sun CK, Schwartz AR, Smith PL, et al. Intermittent hypoxia induces hyperlipidemia in lean mice. Circ Res. 2005;97(7):698-706. doi: 10.1161/01.RES.0000183879.60089.a9. 239. Li J, Grigoryev DN, Ye SQ, Thorne L, Schwartz AR, Smith PL et al. Chronic intermittent hypoxia upregulatesgenes of lipid biosynthesis in obese mice. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2005;99(5):1643-8. doi: 10.1152/ japplphysiol.00522.2005. 240. Savransky V, Jun J, Li J, Nanayakkara A, Fonti S, Moser AB, et al. Dyslipidemia and atherosclerosis induced by chronic intermittent hypoxia are attenuated by deficiency of stearoyl coenzyme A desaturase. Circ Res. 2008;103(10):1173-80. doi: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.108.178533. 241. Drager LF, Li J, ShinMK, Reinke C, Aggarwal NR, Jun JC, et al. Intermittent hypoxia inhibits clearance of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins and inactivates adipose lipoprotein lipase in a mousemodel of sleep apnoea. Eur Heart J. 2012;33(6):783-90. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehr097. 242. Drager LF, Yao Q, Hernandez KL, Shin MK, Bevans-Fonti S, Gay J, et al. Chronic Intermittent Hypoxia InducesAtherosclerosis via Activation of AdiposeAngiopoietin-like4.Am JRespirCritCareMed.2013;188(2):240- 8. doi: 10.1164/rccm.201209-1688OC 243. Drager LF, Jun J, Polotsky VY. Obstructive sleep apnea and dyslipidemia: implications foratherosclerosis. Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes. 2010;17(2):161-5. doi: 10.1097/MED.0b013e3283373624. Erratum in: Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes. 2010;17(4):394. 244. TogeiroSM,CarneiroG,RibeiroFilhoFF,ZanellaMT,Santos-SilvaR,Taddei JA, et al. Consequences of obstructive sleep apnea on metabolic profile: a population-based survey. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2013;21(4):847-51. doi: 10.1002/oby.20288. 245. Phillips CL, Yee BJ, Marshall NS, Liu PY, Sullivan DR, Grunstein RR. Continuous positive airway pressure reduces postprandial lipidemia in obstructive sleep apnea: a randomized, placebo-controlled crossover trial. Am J RespirCrit Care Med. 2011;184(3):355-61. doi: 10.1164/ rccm.201102-0316OC. 246. Punjabi NM, Shahar E, Redline S, Gottlieb DJ, Givelber R, Resnick HE. Sleep disordered breathing, glucose intolerance, and insulin resistance: The SleepHeart Health Study. Am J Epidemiol. 2004;160(6):521-30. doi: 10.1093/aje/kwh261 247. Marshall NS,Wong KK, Phillips CL, Liu PY, KnuimanMW, Grunstein RR. Is sleep apnea an independent risk factor for prevalent and incident diabetes in the BusseltonHealth Study? J Clin SleepMed. 2009;5(1):15-20. PMID: 19317376 248. Reichmuth KJ, Austin D, Skatrud JB, Young T. Association of sleep apnea and type II diabetes: a population-based study. Am J Respir Crit CareMed. 2005;172(12):1590-5. doi: 10.1164/rccm.200504-637OC. 249. Drager LF, Togeiro SM, Polotsky VY, Lorenzi-Filho G. Obstructive sleep apnea: a cardiometabolic risk in obesity and the metabolic syndrome. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2013;62(7):569-76. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2013.05.045. 250. Martínez-CeronE,Fernández-NavarroI,Garcia-RioF.Effectsofcontinuous positive airway pressure treatment on glucosemetabolism in patients with obstructive sleep apnea. SleepMed Rev. 2016;25:121-30. doi: 10.1016/j. smrv.2015.03.002. 251. Drager LF, Li J, Reinke C, Bevans-Fonti S, Jun JC, Polotsky VY. Intermittent hypoxia exacerbates metabolic effects of diet-induced obesity. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2011;19(11):2167-74. doi: 10.1038/oby.2011.240. 252. Murphy AM, Thomas A, Crinion SJ, Kent BD, Tambuwala MM, Fabre A, et al. Intermittent hypoxia in obstructive sleep apnoea mediates insulin resistance through adipose tissue inflammation. Eur Respir J. 2017;49(4). pii: 1601731. doi: 10.1183/13993003.01731-2016. 253. Poulain L, Thomas A, Rieusset J, Casteilla L, Levy P, Arnaud C, et al. Visceral white fat remodelling contributes to intermittent hypoxia- induced atherogenesis. Eur Respir J. 2014;43(2):513-22. doi: 10.1183/09031936.00019913. 254. Hoyos CM,SullivanDR, Liu PY. Effect of CPAPon themetabolic syndrome: a randomised sham-controlled study. Thorax. 2013;68(6):588-9. doi: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2012-203074. 255. Sivam S, Phillips CL, Trenell MI, Yee BJ, Liu PY, Wong KK, et al. Effects of 8 weeks of continuous positive airway pressure on abdominal adiposity in obstructive sleep apnoea. Eur Respir J. 2012;40(4):913-8. doi: 10.1183/09031936.00177011. 256. Drager LF, Brunoni AR, Jenner R, Lorenzi-FilhoG, Benseñor IM, Lotufo PA. Effects of CPAP on body weight in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea: a meta-analysis of randomised trials. Thorax. 2015;70(3):258-64. doi: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2014-205361. 257. Drager LF, Bortolotto LA, Maki-Nunes C, Trombetta IC, Alves MJ, Fraga RF, et al. The incremental role of obstructive sleep apnoea on markers of atherosclerosis in patients with metabolic syndrome. Atherosclerosis. 2010;208(2):490-5. doi: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2009.08.016. 258. Dorkova Z, Petrasova D, Molcanyiova A, Popovnakova M, Tkacova R. Effects of continuous positive airway pressure on cardiovascular risk profile in patients with severe obstructive sleep apnea andmetabolic syndrome. Chest. 2008;134(4):686–692. doi: 10.1378/chest.08-0556. 259. Maki-Nunes C, Toschi-Dias E, Cepeda FX, RondonMU, AlvesMJ, Fraga RF, et al. Diet and exercise improve chemoreflex sensitivity in patients with metabolic syndrome and obstructive sleep apnea. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2015;23(8):1582-90. doi: 10.1002/oby.21126. 260. Drager LF, Polotsky VY, Lorenzi-Filho G. Obstructive sleep apnea: an emerging risk factor for atherosclerosis. Chest. 2011;140(2):534-42. doi: 10.1378/chest.10-2223. 261. Jelic S, Padeletti M, Kawut SM, Higgins C, Canfield SM, Onat D, et al. Inflammation, oxidative stress, and repair capacity of the vascular endothelium in obstructive sleep apnea. Circulation. 2008;117(17):2270- 8. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.741512. 262. Shamsuzzaman AS, Winnicki M, Lanfranchi P, Wolk R, Kara T, Accurso V, et al. Elevated C-reactive protein in patients with obstructive sleep apnea. Circulation. 2002;105(21):2462-4. PMID: 12034649. 332