ABC | Volume 110, Nº5, Maio 2018

Artigo Original Oliveira et al Exercício na insuficiência cardíaca aguda Arq Bras Cardiol. 2018; 110(5):467-475 Fontes de financiamento Opresente estudo não teve fontes de financiamento externas. Vinculação acadêmica Não há vinculação deste estudo a programas de pós‑graduação. Aprovação ética e consentimento informado Este estudo foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética do Instituto Dante Pazzanese de Cardiologia sob o número de protocolo #3911. Todos os procedimentos envolvidos nesse estudo estão de acordo com a Declaração de Helsinki de 1975, atualizada em 2013. O consentimento informado foi obtido de todos os participantes incluídos no estudo. 1. Bui AL, Horwich TB, Fonarow GC. Epidemiology and risk profile of heart failure.NatRevCardiol.2011;8(1):30-41.doi:10.1038/nrcardio.2010.165. 2. Barretto AC, Santos AC, Munhoz R, Rondon MU, Franco FG, Trombetta IC, et al. Increased muscle sympathetic nerve activity predicts mortality in heart failure patients. Int J Cardiol. 2009;135(3):302-7. doi: 10.1016/j. ijcard.2008.03.056. 3. Negrao CE, Middlekauff HR. Exercise training in heart failure: reduction in angiotensin II, sympathetic nerve activity, and baroreflex control. J Appl Physiol(1985).2008;104(3):577-8.doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.01368.2007. 4. Pina IL, Apstein CS, Balady GJ, Belardinelli R, Chaitman BR, Duscha BD, et al; American Heart Association Committee on exercise, rehabilitation, and prevention. Exercise and heart failure: a statement from the American Heart Association Committee on exercise, rehabilitation, and prevention. Circulation. 2003;107(8):1210-25. doi: https://doi.org/10.1161/01. CIR.0000055013.92097.40. 5. Belardinelli R, Georgiou D, Cianci G, Purcaro A. 10-year exercise training in chronic heart failure: a randomized controlled trial. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2012;60(16):1521-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2012.06.036. 6. McKelvie RS. Exercise training in patients with heart failure: clinical outcomes, safety, and indications. Heart Fail Rev. 2008;13(1):3-11. doi: 10.1007/s10741-007-9052-z. 7. Jessup M, Abraham WT, Casey DE, Feldman AM, Francis GS, Ganiats TG, et al. 2009 focused update: ACCF/AHA Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Heart Failure in Adults: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines: developed in collaboration with the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation. Circulation. 2009;119(14):1977-2016. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.192064. 8. Little JP, Phillips SM. Resistance exercise and nutrition to counteract muscle wasting.ApplPhysiolNutrMetab.2009;34(5):817-28.doi:10.1139/H09-093. 9. Corcoran PJ. Use it or lose it--the hazards of bed rest and inactivity. West J Med. 1991;154(5):536-8. PMID: 1866946. 10. Ezekowitz JA, Hernandez AF, O’Connor CM, Starling RC, Proulx G, Weiss MH, et al. Assessment of dyspnea in acute decompensated heart failure: insights from ASCEND-HF (Acute Study of Clinical Effectiveness of Nesiritide in Decompensated Heart Failure) on the contributions of peak expiratory flow. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2012;59(16):1441-8. doi: 10.1016/j. jacc.2011.11.061. 11. Kee K, NaughtonMT. Heart failure and the lung. Circ J. 2010;74(12):2507- 16. egdoi: https://doi.org/10.1253/circj.CJ-10-0869 12. Acosta B, DiBenedetto R, Rahimi A, Acosta MF, Cuadra O, Van Nguyen A, et al. Hemodynamic effects of noninvasive bilevel positive airway pressure on patients with chronic congestive heart failure with systolic dysfunction. Chest. 2000;118(4):1004-9. doi: https://doi.org/10.1378/ chest.118.4.1004. 13. Tallman TA, Peacock WF, Emerman CL, et al. Noninvasive ventilation outcomes in 2,430 acute decompensated heart failure patients: an ADHERE Registry Analysis. Acad Emerg Med. 2008;15(4):355-62. doi: 10.1111/j.1553-2712.2008.00059.x. 14. Sperandio PA, Borghi-Silva A, Barroco A, Nery LE, Almeida DR, Neder JA. Microvascular oxygen delivery-to-utilizationmismatch at the onset of heavy- intensity exercise in optimally treated patients with CHF. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2009;297(5):H1720-8. doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.00596.2009. 15. Sperandio PA, Oliveira MF, Rodrigues MK, Berton DC, Treptow E, Nery LE, et al. Sildenafil improves microvascular O2 delivery-to-utilizationmatching and accelerates exercise O2 uptake kinetics in chronic heart failure. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2012;303(12):H1474-80. doi: 10.1152/ ajpheart.00435.2012. 16. Borghi-Silva A, Carrascosa C, Oliveira CC, Barroco AC, Berton DC, Vilaça D, et al. Effects of respiratory muscle unloading on leg muscle oxygenation and blood volume during high-intensity exercise in chronic heart failure. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2008;294(6):H2465-72. doi: 10.1152/ ajpheart.91520.2007. 17. O’Donnell DE, D’Arsigny C, Raj S, Abdollah H, Webb KA. Ventilatory assistance improves exercise endurance in stable congestive heart failure. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1999;160(6):1804-11. doi: 10.1164/ ajrccm.160.6.9808134. 18. Burtin C, Clerckx B, Robbeets C, Ferdinande P, Langer D, Troosters T, et al. Early exercise in critically ill patients enhances short-term functional recovery. Crit Care Med. 2009;37(9):2499-505. doi: 10.1097/ CCM.0b013e3181a38937. 19. Morris PE, Goad A, Thompson C, Taylor K, Harry B, Passmore L, et al. Early intensive care unit mobility therapy in the treatment of acute respiratory failure. Crit Care Med. 2008;36(8):2238-43. doi: 10.1097/ CCM.0b013e318180b90e. 20. Seymour JM, Moore L, Jolley CJ,Ward K, Creasey J, Steier JS, et al. Outpatient pulmonary rehabilitation following acute exacerbations of COPD. Thorax. 2010;65(5):423-8. doi: 10.1136/thx.2009.124164. 21. Puhan MA, Scharplatz M, Troosters T, Steurer J. 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