ABC | Volume 114, Nº4, April 2020

Original Article Güneş et al. Epicardial adipose tissue and insulin resistance Arq Bras Cardiol. 2020; 114(4):675-682 Table 1 – Baseline characteristics of study patients Obese patients with insulin resistance (n = 40) Obese patients without insulin resistance (n = 54) p Age, median (IQR), years 13 (11–16) 12 (9–15) 0.102 Height, median (IQR), m 1.65 (1.55–1.70) 1.60 (1.43–1.65) 0.009 Weight, mean ± SD, kg 83.47 ± 21.22 64.13 ± 18.24 < 0.001 BMI, median (IQR) 31.8 (28.1–36.9) 29.7 (25–32.3) 0.019 Female/male (n) 20/20 37/17 0.069 SBP, median (IQR), mmHg 110 (100–130) 100 (80–130) 0.003 DBP, median (IQR), mmHg 80 (70–90) 70 (60–80) 0.016 Heart rate, mean ± SD, beats/min 72 ± 6 72 7 0.945 Laboratory findings Blood glucose, mean ± SD, mg/dL 92 ± 8 87 ± 6 0.002 Insulin, median (IQR), µIU/L 32.5 (24.6–42.7) 13.6 (10.4–16.8) < 0.001 HbA1C, median (IQR), % 5.5 (5.2–5.6) 5.4 (5.1–5.6) 0.590 Urea, mean ± SD, mg/dL 9.9 ± 3.2 9.5 ± 1.9 0.606 ALT median (IQR), U/L 25 (16–34) 22 (17–28) 0.167 AST mean ± SD, U/L 24.9 ± 8.7 25.3 ± 7.5 0.807 Total Protein, median (IQR), g/dL 7.6 (7.3–7.9) 7.6 (7.2–8.0) 0.672 Albumin, mean ± SD, 4.7 ± 0.2 4.8 ± 0.4 0.577 Triglycerides, median (IQR), mg/dL 131 (112–155) 118 (90–154) 0.289 Total cholesterol, mean ± SD, mg/dL 171.2 ± 32.3 160.6 ± 21.5 0.079 HDL cholesterol, mean ± SD, mg/dL 41.8 ± 9.0 41.0 ± 8.7 0.686 LDL cholesterol, median (IQR), mg/ dL 89.5 (73.2–113.7) 86.5 (73–104.5) 0.491 TSH, median (IQR), mIU/L 2.55 (1.15–3.16) 2.79 (2.06–3.87) 0.061 T4, median (IQR), ng/dL 1.21 (1.13–1.33) 1.17 (1.06–1.30) 0.172 Cortisol, mean ± SD, µg/Dl 10.4 ± 6.4 10.0 ± 4.8 0.760 WBC, median (IQR), x10 3 /mm 3 8330 (7232–10150) 8385 (7365–9900) 0.921 Hemoglobin, mean ± SD, g/dL 13.8 ± 0.9 13.5 ± 1.0 0.171 Platelet count, mean ± SD, 10 3 /mm 3 , 333 ± 77 340 ± 72 0.595 RDW, median (IQR), % 13.6 (13.1–14.2) 13.4 (12.8–14.0) 0.147 Echocardiographic parameters EF, median (IQR), % 70 (70–72) 72 (70–72) 0.667 LVDD, mean ± SD, mm 4.3 ± 0.5 4.1 ± 0.4 0.059 LVSD, mean ± SD, mm 3.3 ± 0.6 3.2 ± 0.5 0.329 LA diameter, median (IQR), cm 3.0 (3.0–3.4) 3.1 (3.0–3.3) 0.792 RA diameter, mean ± SD, mm 3.3 ± 0.5 3.2 ± 0.5 0.165 RV thickness, median (IQR), cm 0.50 (0.42–0.60) 0.50 (0.40–0.55) 0.121 RV diameter, median (IQR), mm 2.7 (2.4–3.0) 2.5 (2.2–2.8) 0.176 Posterior wall thickness, median (IQR), mm 0.80 (0.70–0.90) 0.70 (0.70–0.80) 0.111 Septal thickness, median (IQR), mm 0.80 (0.70–0.90) 0.70 (0.70–0.90) 0.664 Epicardial adipose tissue, median (IQR), mm 7.15 (5.5–8.8) 5.5 (3.3–7.7) 0.004 BMI: body mass index; SBP: systolic blood pressure; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; HbA1c: hemoglobin A1c; ALT: alanine aminotransferase; AST: aspartate aminotransferase; HDL: high-density lipoprotein; LDL: low-density lipoprotein; TSH: thyroid stimulating hormone; RDW: red cell distribution width; EF: ejection fraction; LVDD: left ventricle end diastolic dimension; LVSD: left ventricle end systolic dimension; LA: LEFT atrium; RA: right atrium; RV: right ventricle; WBC: white blood cell. Data are presented as mean±standard deviation (SD), number and percentage, or median and interquartile ranges (IQR). p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. 678