ABC | Volume 114, Nº3, March 2020

Statement Brazilian Position Statement on Resistant Hypertension – 2020 Arq Bras Cardiol. 2020; 114(3):576-596 104. Pierdomenico SD, Lapenna D, Bucci A, Di Tommaso R, Di Mascio R, Manente BM, et al. Cardiovascular outcome in treated hypertensive patients with responder, masked, false resistant, and true resistant hypertension. Am J Hypertens. 2005;18(11):1422-8. 105. Rimoldi SF, Scherrer U, Messerli FH. Secondary arterial hypertension: when, who, and how to screen? Eur Heart J. 2014;35(19):1245-54. 106. Braam B, Taler SJ, Rahman M, Fillaus JA, Greco BA, Forman JP, et al. Recognition and Management of Resistant Hypertension. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2017;12(3):524-35. 107. Hou H, Zhao Y, Yu W, Dong H, Xue X, Ding J, et al. Association of obstructive sleep apnea with hypertension: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Glob Health. 2018;8(1):010405. 108. Drager LF, Bortolotto LA, Lorenzi MC, Figueiredo AC, Krieger EM, Lorenzi-Filho G. Early signs of atherosclerosis in obstructive sleep apnea. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2005;172(5):613-8. 109. Senaratna CV, Perret JL, Matheson MC, Lodge CJ, Lowe AJ, Cassim R, et al. Validity of the Berlin questionnaire in detecting obstructive sleep apnea: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Sleep Med Rev. 2017;36:116-24. 110. Fava C, Dorigoni S, Dalle Vedove F, Danese E, MontagnanaM, Guidi GC, et al. Effect of CPAP on blood pressure in patients with OSA/hypopnea a systematic review and meta-analysis. Chest. 2014;145(4):762-71. 111. Guo J, Sun Y, Xue LJ, Huang ZY, Wang YS, Zhang L, et al. Effect of CPAP therapy on cardiovascular events andmortality in patients with obstructive sleep apnea: a meta-analysis. Sleep Breath. 2016;20(3):965-74. 112. Horl MP, Horl WH. Hemodialysis-associated hypertension: pathophysiology and therapy. Am J Kidney Dis. 2002;39(2):227-44. 113. Wolley MJ, Stowasser M. Resistant Hypertension and Chronic Kidney Disease: a Dangerous Liaison. Curr Hypertens Rep. 2016;18(5):36. 114. van Jaarsveld BC, Krijnen P, PietermanH, Derkx FH, Deinum J, Postma CT, et al. The effect of balloon angioplasty on hypertension in atherosclerotic renal-artery stenosis. Dutch Renal Artery Stenosis Intervention Cooperative Study Group. N Engl J Med. 2000;342(14):1007-14. 115. Bavishi C, de Leeuw PW, Messerli FH. Atherosclerotic Renal Artery Stenosis and Hypertension: Pragmatism, Pitfalls, and Perspectives. Am J Med. 2016;129(6):635 e5- e14. 116. Van der Niepen P, Rossignol P, Lengele JP, Berra E, Sarafidis P, Persu A. Renal Artery Stenosis in Patients with Resistant Hypertension: Stent It or Not? Curr Hypertens Rep. 2017;19(1):5. 117. Mulherin JL, Jr., Edwards WH. Alternative methods of renal revascularization. Ann Surg. 1987;205(6):740-6. 118. Calhoun DA. Is there an unrecognized epidemic of primary aldosteronism? Pro. Hypertension. 2007;50(3):447-53; discussion -53. 119. Kline GA, Prebtani APH, Leung AA, Schiffrin EL. Primary aldosteronism: a common cause of resistant hypertension. CMAJ. 2017;189(22):E773-E8. 120. Young JWF, Calhoun DA, Lenders JWM, Stowasser M, Textor SC. Screening for Endocrine Hypertension: An Endocrine Society Scientific Statement. Endocrine Rev. 2017;38(2):103-22. 121. Funder JW, Carey RM, Mantero F, Murad MH, Reincke M, Shibata H, et al. The Management of Primary Aldosteronism: Case Detection, Diagnosis, and Treatment: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2016;101(5):1889-916. 122. Lenders JW, Eisenhofer G, Mannelli M, Pacak K. Phaeochromocytoma. Lancet. 2005;366(9486):665-75. 123. Pillai S, Gopalan V, Smith RA, Lam AK. Updates on the genetics and the clinical impacts on phaeochromocytoma and paraganglioma in the new era. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 2016;100:190-208. 124. Naranjo J, Dodd S, Martin YN. Perioperative Management of Pheochromocytoma. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2017;31(4):1427-39. 125. Saito I, Ito K, Saruta T. Hypothyroidism as a cause of hypertension. Hypertension. 1983;5(1):112-5. 126. Levey GS, Klein I. Catecholamine-thyroid hormone interactions and the cardiovascular manifestations of hyperthyroidism. Am J Med. 1990;88(6):642-6. 127. Lenders JW, Duh QY, Eisenhofer G, Gimenez-Roqueplo AP, Grebe SK, Murad MH, et al. Pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma: an endocrine society clinical practice guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2014;99(6):1915-42. 128. Pappachan JM, Tun NN, Arunagirinathan G, Sodi R, Hanna FWF. Pheochromocytomas and Hypertension. Curr Hypertens Rep. 2018;20(1):3. 129. Kenny D, Polson JW, Martin RP, Paton JF, Wolf AR. Hypertension and coarctation of the aorta: an inevitable consequence of developmental pathophysiology. Hypertens Res. 2011;34(5):543-7. 130. Cohen JB. Hypertension in Obesity and the Impact of Weight Loss. Curr Cardiol Rep. 2017;19(10):98. 131. Lloyd-Jones DM, Evans JC, Larson MG, O'Donnell CJ, Roccella EJ, Levy D. Differential control of systolic and diastolic blood pressure : factors associated with lack of blood pressure control in the community. Hypertension. 2000;36(4):594-9. 132. Bramlage P, Pittrow D, Wittchen HU, Kirch W, Boehler S, Lehnert H, et al. Hypertension in overweight and obese primary care patients is highly prevalent and poorly controlled. Am J Hypertens. 2004;17(10):904-10. 133. Aucott L, Poobalan A, Smith WC, Avenell A, Jung R, Broom J. Effects of weight loss in overweight/obese individuals and long-term hypertension outcomes: a systematic review. Hypertension. 2005;45(6):1035-41. 134. Schiavon CA, Bersch-Ferreira AC, Santucci EV, Oliveira JD, Torreglosa CR, Bueno PT, et al. Effects of Bariatric Surgery in Obese Patients With Hypertension: The GATEWAY Randomized Trial (Gastric Bypass to Treat Obese Patients With Steady Hypertension). Circulation. 2018;137(11):1132-42. 135. Edwards DG, Farquhar WB. Vascular effects of dietary salt. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens. 2015;24(1):8-13. 136. White WB, Turner JR, Sica DA, Bisognano JD, Calhoun DA, Townsend RR, et al. Detection, evaluation, and treatment of severe and resistant hypertension. In: Congress of American Society of Hypertension Interactive (forum) Bethesda, MD, October 10th 2013. Proceedings. J Am Soc Hypertens. 2014;8(10):743-57. 137. He FJ, Li J, Macgregor GA. Effect of longer term modest salt reduction on blood pressure: Cochrane systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised trials. BMJ. 2013;346:f1325. 138. Wildman RP, Gu D, Muntner P, Huang G, Chen J, Duan X, et al. Alcohol intake and hypertension subtypes in Chinese men. J Hypertens. 2005;23(4):737-43. 139. Sarwar MS, Islam MS, Al Baker SM, Hasnat A. Resistant hypertension: underlying causes and treatment. Drug Res (Stuttg). 2013;63(5):217-23. 140. Roerecke M, Kaczorowski J, Tobe SW, Gmel G, Hasan OSM, Rehm J. The effect of a reduction in alcohol consumption on blood pressure: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Publ Health. 2017;2(2):e108-e20. 141. Ribeiro F, Costa R, Mesquita-Bastos J. Exercise training in themanagement of patients with resistant hypertension.World J Cardiol. 2015;7(2):47-51. 142. Dimeo F, Pagonas N, Seibert F, Arndt R, Zidek W, Westhoff TH. Aerobic exercise reduces blood pressure in resistant hypertension. Hypertension. 2012;60(3):653-8. 143. Guimaraes GV, de Barros Cruz LG, Fernandes-SilvaMM, Dorea EL, Bocchi EA. Heated water-based exercise training reduces 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure levels in resistant hypertensive patients: a randomized controlled trial (HEx trial). Int J Cardiol. 2014;172(2):434-41. 594