ABC | Volume 114, Nº2, February 2020

Original Article Stefani et al. DNA damage and heart failure Arq Bras Cardiol. 2020; 114(2):234-242 19. Singh NP, McCoy MT, Tice RR, Schneider EL. A simple technique for quantitation of low levels of DNA damage in individual cells. Exp Cell Res. 1988;175(1):184–91. 20. Ko ń ca K, Lankoff A, Banasik A, Lisowska H, Kuszewski T, Gó ź d ź S, et al. A cross-platform public domain PC image-analysis program for the comet assay. Mutat Res - Genet Toxicol Environ Mutagen. 2003;534(1):15–20. 21. Ahmed MAE, El Morsy EM, Ahmed AAE. Pomegranate extract protects against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury and preserves brain DNA integrity in rats. Life Sci. 2014;110(2):61–9. 22. Alves JP, Nunes RB, Stefani GP, Dal Lago P. Resistance training improves hemodynamic function, collagen deposition and inflammatory profiles: Experimental model of heart failure. PLoS One. 2014;9(10):e110317. 23. Hentschke VS, Jaenisch RB, Schmeing LA, Cavinato PR, Xavier LL, Dal Lago P. Low-level laser therapy improves the inflammatory profile of rats with heart failure. Lasers Med Sci. 2013;28(3):1007–16. 24. BingOHL,BrooksWW,ConradCH,SenS,PerreaultCL,MorganJP.Intracellular calciumtransientsinmyocardiumfromspontaneouslyhypertensiveratsduring the transition to heart failure. Circ Res. 1991;68(5):1390–400. 25. Minicucci MF, Azevedo PS, Martinez PF, Lima ARR, Bonomo C, Guizoni DM, et al. Critical infarct size to induce ventricular remodeling, cardiac dysfunction and heart failure in rats. Int J Cardiol. 2011;151(2):242-3. 26. Wu LL, ChiouCC, Chang PY,Wu JT. Urinary 8-OHdG: Amarker of oxidative stress toDNA and a risk factor for cancer, atherosclerosis and diabetics. Clin Chim Acta. 2004;339(1):1–9. 27. Kryston TB, Georgiev AB, Pissis P, Georgakilas AG. Role of oxidative stress andDNA damage in human carcinogenesis. Mutat Res - FundamMol Mech Mutagen. 2011;711(1):193–201. 28. Kroese LJ, Scheffer PG. 8-hydroxy-2’-deoxyguanosine and cardiovascular disease: a systematic review. Curr Atheroscler Rep. 2014 Nov;16(11):452. 29. Tsutsui H, Ide T, Kinugawa S. Mitochondrial oxidative stress, DNA damage, and heart failure. Antioxid Redox Signal. 2006;8(9–10):1737–44. 30. Jaenisch RB, Stefani GP, Durante C, Chechi C, Hentschke VS, Rossato DD, et al. Respiratory muscle training decreases diaphragmDNA damage in rats with heart failure. Can J Physiol Pharmacol. 2017 Aug 8;96(3):221–6. 31. DrexlerH,RiedeU,MünzelT,KönigH,FunkeE, JustH.Alterationsofskeletal muscle in chronic heart failure. Circulation. 1992;85:1751–9. 32. Ventura-Clapier R, De Sousa E, Veksler V. Metabolic Myopathy in Heart Failure. News Physiol Sci. 2002;17(5):191–6. 33. JessupM,BrozenaS.Heartfailure.NEnglJMed.2003May;348(20):2007–18. 34. Chiong M, Wang Z V., Pedrozo Z, Cao DJ, Troncoso R, Ibacache M, et al. Cardiomyocyte death: Mechanisms and translational implications. Cell Death Dis. 2011;2(12):e244. 35. Whelan RS, Kaplinskiy V, Kitsis RN. Cell Death in the Pathogenesis of Heart Disease: Mechanisms and Significance. Annu Rev Physiol. 2010;72:19–44. 36. Bergmann O, Bhardwaj RD, Bernard S, Zdunek S, Barnabé-Heide F, Walsh S, et al. Evidence for cardiomyocyte renewal in humans. Science (80- ). 2009;324(5923):98–102. 37. Callahan DM, TothMJ. Skeletal muscle proteinmetabolism in human heart failure. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2013 Jan;16(1):66–71. 38. Bechara LRG, Moreira JBN, Jannig PR, Voltarelli VA, Dourado PM, Vasconcelos AR, et al. NADPH oxidase hyperactivity induces plantaris atrophy in heart failure rats. Int J Cardiol. 2014;175(3):499–507. 39. Nickel A, Löffler J, Maack C. Myocardial energetics in heart failure. Basic Res Cardiol. 2013;108(4):358. 40. Cousin W, Ho ML, Desai R, Tham A, Chen RY, Kung S, et al. Regenerative Capacity of Old Muscle Stem Cells Declines without Significant Accumulation of DNA Damage. PLoS One. 2013;8(5):e63528. 41. Vahidi Ferdousi L, Rocheteau P, Chayot R, Montagne B, Chaker Z, Flamant P, et al. More efficient repair of DNA double-strand breaks in skeletal muscle stem cells compared to their committed progeny. Stem Cell Res. 2014;13(3):492–507. 42. Aimo A, Borrelli C, Vergaro G, Piepoli MF, Caterina AR De, Mirizzi G, et al. Targeting Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Chronic Heart Failure: Current Evidence and Potential Approaches. Curr Pharm Des. 2016;22(31):4807–22. 43. Rosca MG, Hoppel CL. Mitochondrial dysfunction in heart failure. Heart Fail Rev. 2013;18(5):607–22. 44. Lieber RL, Smallwood LH, RainieroMP,Ward SR, Eng CM, LaheyM. Scaling of muscle architecture and fiber types in the rat hindlimb. J Exp Biol. 2008; 211(Pt 14):2336-45. 45. Armstrong RB, Phelps RO. Muscle fiber type composition of the rat hindlimb. Am J Anat. 1984;171(3):259-72. 46. Gosker HR, Wouters EFM, VanDer Vusse GJ, Schols AMWJ. Skeletal muscle dysfunction in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and chronic heart failure: Underlying mechanisms and therapy perspectives. Am J Clin Nutr. 2000;71(5):1033–47. 241