ABC | Volume 114, Nº1, January 2019

Statement Position Statement of the Brazilian Cardiology Society and the Brazilian Society of Hemodynamics and Interventional Cardiology on Training Centers and Professional Certification in Hemodynamics and Interventional Cardiology – 2020 Arq Bras Cardiol. 2020; 114(1):137-193 6.1.1.2. Ductus Arteriosus Occlusion 6.1.1.2.1. Basic Knowledge • Natural history, classification, and hemodynamic repercussions of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). • Knowledge of the different anatomical types of PDA. • Proper differentiation of simple or complex PDA, associated congenital anomalies, and pulmonary hypertension. • Indications or contraindications for intervention. 6.1.1.2.2. Interventional Cardiologists’ Abilities • Evaluation of adequate access route for patients. • Knowledge and proper handling of introducers, sheaths, guidewires, and catheters utilized. • Invasive assessment of pulmonary vascular pressure and reactivity, including the need for temporary balloon occlusion. • Evaluation of characteristics of the ductus arteriosus by means of diverse imaging methods: TTE, CT, MR, and angiography. • Techniques for crossing the ductus: anterograde and retrograde. • In-depth knowledge of different available devices, their characteristics, sizes, and forms of release. • Mastery of techniques necessary to remove devices in the event of device embolization. • Patient care and recognition of immediate and late complications and long-term patient guidance. 6.1.1.3. Pulmonary Valvuloplasty 6.1.1.3.1. Basic Knowledge • Natural history, classification and hemodynamic repercussion of pulmonary stenosis. • Knowledge of different types and etiology of pulmonary stenosis, as well as associated anomalies. • Indications or contraindications for intervention. 6.1.1.3.2. Interventional Cardiologists’ Abilities • Knowledge and proper handling of introducers, sheaths, guidewires, and catheters utilized. • Hemodynamic interpretation of pulmonary stenosis in the catheterization laboratory. • Assessment of characteristics of pulmonary stenosis by means of diverse imaging methods: TTE, CT, MR, and angiography. • Techniques for crossing pulmonary stenosis. • Knowledge of the different balloons available for the procedure. • Patient care and recognition of immediate and late complications and long-term patient guidance. 6.1.1.4. Aortic Valvuloplasty 6.1.1.4.1. Basic knowledge • Natural history, classification, and hemodynamic repercussion of congenital aortic stenosis (AoS). • Knowledge of different types of AoS, as well as associated anomalies. • Indications or contraindications for intervention. 6.1.1.4.2. Interventional Cardiologists’ Abilities • Assessment of vascular access: carotid, axillary, or femoral; puncture or dissection. • Knowledge and proper handling of introducers, sheaths, guidewires, and catheters utilized. • Hemodynamic interpretation of AoS in the intervention laboratory. • Assessment of characteristics of AoS by means of diverse imaging methods: TTE, TEE, CT, MR, and angiography. • Techniques for crossing the AoS. • Knowledge of different balloons available for this procedure and their choice in relation to ring size. • Stimulation of very high frequencies by means of a pacemaker (rapid pacing). • Patient care and recognition of immediate and late complications and long-term patient guidance. 6.1.2. Complex Interventions in Congenital Heart Diseases 6.1.2.1. Interventricular Communication Occlusion 6.1.2.1.1. Basic Knowledge • Natural history, localization, characteristics, and associated defects. Simple or complex interventricular communication (IVC). • Hemodynamic repercussion and assessment of pulmonary hypertension. • Feasibility and indications for intervention. • Therapeutic and prognostic options. Risk of total atrioventricular block (TAB). 6.1.2.1.2. Interventional Cardiologists’ Abilities • Knowledge and proper handling of introducers, sheaths, guidewires, and catheters utilized. • Interpretation and familiarity with different imaging exams: characteristics of the ventricular septum, determination of defect location, number, borders, and adjacent structures by TTE, TEE, CT, MR, and angiography. • Choice of access route (superior vena cava, inferior vena cava, transapical, etc.). • Invasive assessment of pulmonary vascular pressure and reactivity. 146