ABC | Volume 113, Nº5, November 2019

Original Article Sousa et al. Antioxidant effect of rat environmental enrichment Arq Bras Cardiol. 2019; 113(5):905-912 Table 1 – Effects of environmental enrichment or standard conditions on the activity of antioxidant enzymes and biomarkers of oxidative damage in the ventrolateral medulla SOD (U/mg ptn) Catalase (U/mg ptn) Carbonyl protein (nmol/mg ptn) TBARS (nmol/mg ptn) Sham-St (n = 7) 32.9 ± 7.1 0.3 ± 0.04 22.1 ± 12.1 0.29 ± 0.12 Sham-EE (n = 13) 41.8 ± 11 0.4 ± 0.2 28.6 ± 11.9 0.36 ± 0.1 2K1C-St (n = 12) 24.1 ± 9.8 0.3 ± 0.1 44.6 ± 15.1 0.53 ± 0.22 a,b 2K1C-EE (n = 8) 49.1 ± 7.9 c 0.8 ± 0.4 a,b,c 57.1 ± 12.5 a,b 0.39 ± 0.06 c (a) represents a significant difference between groups when compared to Sham-St; (b) represents a significant difference between groups when compared to Sham‑EE; (c) represents a significant difference between groups when compared to 2K1C-St. Analysed by one-way ANOVA, followed by Newman Keuls post-test (p < 0.05). Data are expressed as the mean ± SD (n = 7-13 in each group). Sham-St: normotensive group exposed to standard condition; Sham-EE: normotensive group exposed to environmental enrichment; 2K1C-St: hypertensive group exposed to standard condition; 2K1C-EE: hypertensive group exposed to environmental enrichment. SOD: superoxide dismutase; TBARS: thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances. Table 2 – Effects of environmental enrichment or standard conditions on the activity of antioxidant enzymes and biomarkers of oxidative damage in the left ventricle SOD (U/mg ptn) Catalase (U/mg ptn) Carbonyl protein (nmol/mg ptn) TBARS (nmol/mg ptn) Sham-St (n = 7) 12.0 ± 2.9 0.3 ± 0.1 30.1 ± 18.1 0.3 ± 0.17 Sham-EE (n = 13) 12.6 ± 3.8 0.4 ± 0.14 30.1 ± 10.7 0.2 ± 0.14 2K1C-St (n = 12) 9.9 ± 1.4 0.2 ± 0.09 b 37.2 ± 12.8 0.8 ± 0.07 a,b 2K1C-EE (n = 8) 12.1 ± 4.2 0.3 ± 0.11 48.2 ± 19 1.1 ± 0.2 a,b (a) represents a significant difference between groups when compared to Sham-St; (b) represents a significant difference between groups when compared to Sham-EE. Analysed by one-wayANOVA, followed by Newman Keuls post-test (p < 0.05). Data are expressed as the mean ± SD (n = 7-13 in each group). Sham-St: normotensive group exposed to standard condition; Sham-EE: normotensive group exposed to environmental enrichment; 2K1C-St: hypertensive group exposed to standard condition; 2K1C-EE: hypertensive group exposed to environmental enrichment. SOD: superoxide dismutase; TBARS: thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances. Table 3 – Effects of environmental enrichment or standard conditions on the activity of antioxidant enzymes and biomarkers of oxidative damage in the right kidney SOD (U/mg ptn) Catalase (U/mg ptn) Carbonyl protein (nmol/mg ptn) TBARS (nM/mg ptn) Sham-St (n = 7) 8.1 ± 2.5 1.8 ± 0.7 5.6 ± 2.1 0.3 ± 0.13 Sham-EE (n = 13) 12 ± 3.5 a 1.9 ± 0.8 4.4 ± 1.9 0.3 ± 0.09 2K1C-St (n = 12) 9.1 ± 2.3 1.5 ± 0.34 3.1 ± 2 0.4 ± 0.18 2K1C-EE (n = 8) 11.9 ± 2.3 c 2.4 ± 1.1 7.2 ± 2.9 c 0.1 ± 0.07 c (a) represents a significant difference between groups when compared to Sham-St; (c) represents a significant difference between groups when compared to 2K1C-St. Analysed by one-way ANOVA, followed by Newman Keuls post-test (p < 0.05). Data are expressed as the mean ± SD (n = 7-13 in each group). Sham-St: normotensive group exposed to standard condition; Sham-EE: normotensive group exposed to environmental enrichment; 2K1C-St: hypertensive group exposed to standard condition; 2K1C-EE: hypertensive group exposed to environmental enrichment. SOD: superoxide dismutase; TBARS: thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances. Table 4 – Effects of environmental enrichment or standard conditions on the activity of enzymes and biomarkers of oxidative damage in the left kidney SOD (U/mg ptn) Catalase (U/mg ptn) Carbonyl protein (nmol/mg ptn) TBARS (nM/mg ptn) Sham-St (n = 7) 14.1 ± 5.9 1.4 ± 0.5 24.9 ± 8.8 0.5 ± 0.19 Sham-EE (n = 13) 17.4 ± 8.7 1.5 ± 0.8 31.9 ± 11.9 0.4 ± 0.2 2K1C-St (n = 12) 11.3 ± 2.2 0.1 ± 0.06 a,b 25.9 ± 9.3 0.7 ± 0.3 2K1C-EE (n = 8) 23.5 ± 6.2 c 0.4 ± 0.2 a,b 30.1 ± 8.1 0.4 ± 0.19 (a) represents a significant difference between groups when compared to Sham-St; (b) represents a significant difference between groups when compared to Sham‑EE; (c) represents a significant difference between groups when compared to 2K1C-St. Analysed by one-way ANOVA, followed by Newman Keuls post-test (p < 0.05). Data are expressed as the mean ± SD (n = 7-13 in each group). Sham-St: normotensive group exposed to standard condition; Sham-EE: normotensive group exposed to environmental enrichment; 2K1C-St: hypertensive group exposed to standard condition; 2K1C-EE: hypertensive group exposed to environmental enrichment. SOD: superoxide dismutase; TBARS: thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances. 908