ABC | Volume 112, Nº3, March 2019

Original Article Bittencourt et al Myocardial fibrosis in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy Arq Bras Cardiol. 2019; 112(3):281-289 1. Chan RH, Maron BJ, Olivotto I, Pencina MJ, Assenza GE, Haas T, et al. Prognostic value of quantitative contrast-enhanced cardiovascular magnetic resonance for the evaluation of sudden death risk in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Circulation. 2014;130(6):484-95. 2. Bittencourt MI, Cader SA, Araújo DV, Salles ALF, Albuquerque FN, Spineti PPM, et al. Sudden death in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Int J Cardiovasc Sci. 2016;29(6):504-11 . 3. Moher D, Liberati A, Tetzlaff J, Altman DG, PRISMA Group. Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement. Ann Intern Med. 2009;151(4):264-9. 4. Elliott PM, Gimeno JR, Tomé MT, Shah J, Ward D, Thaman R, et al. Left ventricular outflow tract obstruction and sudden death risk in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Eur Heart J. 2006;27(16):1933-41. 5. 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Effect of left ventricular outflow tract obstruction on clinical outcome in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. N Engl J Med. 2003;348(4):295-303. 10. Michaelides AP, Stamatopoulos I, Antoniades C, Anastasakis A, Kotsiopoulou C, Theopistou A, et al. ST segment “hump” during exercise testing and the risk of sudden cardiac death in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Ann Noninvasive Electrocardiol. 2009;14(2):158-64. 11. Rubinshtein R, Glockner JF, Ommen SR, Araoz PA, AckermanMJ, Sorajja P, et al. Characteristics and clinical significance of late gadoliniumenhancement by contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Circ Heart Fail. 2010;3(1):51-8. 12. Spirito P, Autore C, Rapezzi C, Bernabò P, Badagliacca R, Maron MS, et al. Syncope and risk of sudden death in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Circulation. 2009;119(13):1703-10. 13. Syska P, Przybylski A, Chojnowska L, Lewandowski M, Sterli ń ski M, Maciag A, et al. Implantable cardioverter-defibrillator in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: efficacy and complications of the therapy in long-term follow-up. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2010;21(8):883-9. 14. Spirito P, Autore C, Formisano F, Assenza GE, Biagini E, Haas TS, et al. Risk of sudden death and outcome in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with benign presentation and without risk factors. Am J Cardiol. 2014;113(9):1550-5. 15. Magnusson P, Gadler F, Liv P, Mörner S. Risk markers and appropriate implantable defibrillator therapy in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 2016;39(3):291-301. 16. Klopotowski M, Kukula K, Malek LA, Spiewak M, Polanska-Skrzypczyk M, JamiolkowskiJ,etal.Thevalueofcardiacmagneticresonanceanddistribution of lategadoliniumenhancement forriskstratificationofsuddencardiacdeath in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. J Cardiol. 2016;68(1):49-56. 17. O’MahonyC, JichiF,PavlouM,MonserratL,AnastasakisA,RapezziC,etal.A novel clinical risk predictionmodel for sudden cardiac death in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM risk-SCD). Eur Heart J. 2014;35(30):2010-20. 18. Debonnaire P, Katsanos S, Joyce E, VANDENBrinkOV, AtsmaDE, Schalij MJ, et al. QRS fragmentation and QTc duration relate to malignant ventricular tachyarrhythmias and sudden cardiac death in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2015;26(5):547-55. 19. Ismail TF, Jabbour A, Gulati A, Mallorie A, Raza S, Cowling TE, et al. Role of late gadolinium enhancement cardiovascular magnetic resonance in the risk stratification of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Heart. 2014;100(23):1851-8. References weigh the risks and benefits of ICDs with patients and their families. Nevertheless, this meta-analysis of observational studies emphasizes the importance of cardiac MRI in the detection of myocardial fibrosis for the risk stratification of SD in HCM and confirms the role of traditional RMs, with a doubtful role for LVOTO. Thus, new clinical prediction models using myocardial fibrosis should be considered as a primary prevention strategy for SD in these patients in the future. Author contributions Conception and design of the research and analysis and interpretation of the data: Bittencourt MI, Cader SA, Araújo DV, Mourilhe-Rocha R; acquisition of data: Bittencourt MI, Cader AS; statistical analysis: Bittencourt MI, Araújo DV; writing of the manuscript: Bittencourt MI, Cader SA, Mourilhe‑Rocha R; critical revision of the manuscript for intellectual content: Bittencourt MI, Cader SA, Araújo DV, Salles ALF, Albuquerque FN, Spineti PPM, Albuquerque DC, Mourilhe-Rocha R. Potential Conflict of Interest No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported. Sources of Funding There were no external funding sources for this study. Study Association This article is part of the thesis of Doctoral submitted by Marcelo Imbroinise Bittencourt, from Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Ethics approval and consent to participate This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Hospital Universitário Pedro Ernesto under the protocol number 457893. All the procedures in this study were in accordance with the1975Helsinki Declaration, updated in2013. Informed consent was obtained from all participants included in the study. 288

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