ABC | Volume 111, Nº3, September 2018

Original Article Schmidt et al Anger and coronary artery disease in women Arq Bras Cardiol. 2018; 111(3):410-416 Table 2 – Relationship between coronary artery disease and baseline characteristics Characteristics Beta Coefficient 95% CI for Beta Coefficient Total: 255 p * Low control of anger 0.15 0.03 – 0.27 0.01 Married - 0.12 - 0.24 – - 0.01 0.03 Previous PCI 0.14 0.04 – 0.40 0.02 Previous CABG 0.16 0.26 – 0.90 < 0.001 p * - p ≤ 0.05, Wald test; CI: confidence interval; PCI: percutaneous coronary intervention; CABG: coronary artery bypass grafting. Discussion The present study identified that poor control of anger associated with CAD angiographically detected. This study found a higher percentage of married patients in the group without CAD, indicating the importance of social support in treatment adhesion and healthcare. 19 Women with poor control of anger had a positive family history for CAD and were younger. This study corroborates that by Haukalla et al., 20 who reported that individuals with lower anger control were at higher risk for the first incidence of fatal and nonfatal cardiovascular disease than those who scored higher. Table 3 – Patients’ clinical characteristics, medical history and STAXI scales according to anger control in a 48-month follow-up Characteristics Control of anger below average n = 89 Control of anger above average n = 156 Total: 245 p * Age (years), mean ± SD 58.1 ± 8.9 62.2 ± 10.9 0.001 White, n (%) 71 (79.8) 128 (83.1) 0.52 Married, n (%) 48 (53.9) 79 (50.6) 0.62 Schooling, years 6.1 ± 4.9 6.1 ± 4.9 0.97 Current job, n (%) 20 (22.5) 31 (19.9) 0.63 Living alone, n (%) 20.2 (18) 38 (24.4) 0.46 Risk factors Hypertension, n (%) 73 (82.0) 140 (89.7) 0.09 DM, n (%) 33 (37.1) 45 (28.8) 0.18 Dyslipidemia, n (%) 49 (55.1) 92 (59.0) 0.55 Smoking, n (%) 15 (16.9) 34 (21.8) 0.35 Family history of CAD, n (%) 48 (53.9) 46 (29.5) < 0.001 Depression, n (%) 35 (39.3) 55 (35.3) 0.53 BMI (kg/m 2 ), mean ± SD 28.4 ± 5.4 27.9 ± 5.9 0.55 Previous medical history Previous AMI, n (%) 22 (24.7) 34 (21.8) 0.60 Previous PCI, n (%) 8 (9.0) 22 (14.1) 0.24 Previous CABG, n (%) 1 (1.1) 8 (5.1) 0.11 STAXI subscales Trait of anger (points), mean ± SD 23.67 ± 8.25 18.52 ± 7.53 < 0.001 Angry temperament (points), mean ± SD 10.20 ± 4.05 7.51 ± 3.74 < 0.001 Angry reaction (points), mean ± SD 9.19 ± 4.04 7.81 ± 3.70 0.007 Anger expression-In (points), mean ± SD 16.85 ± 5.08 16.06 ± 4.65 0.22 Anger expression-Out (points), mean ± SD 15.07 ± 4.97 11.81 ± 3.31 < 0.001 Control of anger (points), mean ± SD 22.19 ± 3.66 29.67 ± 1.72 < 0.001 Anger expression (points), mean ± SD 25.73 ± 9.79 14.21 ± 6.74 <0.001 p* - p ≤ 0.05, Student t test or chi-square test; DM: diabetes mellitus; CAD: coronary artery disease; BMI: body mass index; AMI: acute myocardial infarction; PCI: percutaneous coronary intervention; CABG: coronary artery bypass grafting. 413