ABC | Volume 111, Nº3, September 2018

Original Article Nemes et al RA function in CA by 3DSTE Arq Bras Cardiol. 2018; 111(3):384-391 1. Dubrey SW, Hawkins PN, Falk RH. Amyloid diseases of the heart: assessment, diagnosis, and referral. Heart. 2011;97(1):75-84. 2. BanypersadSM,MoonJC,WhelanC,HawkinsPN,WechalekarAD.Updates in cardiac amyloidosis: a review. J AmHeart Assoc. 2012;1(2):e000364. 3. Westermark P, Benson MD, Buxbaum JN, Cohen AS, Frangione B, Ikeda S, et al. A primer of amyloid nomenclature. Amyloid. 2007;14(3):179-83. 4. FalkRH.Diagnosisandmanagementofthecardiacamyloidoses.Circulation. 2005;112(13):2047-60. 5. Westermark P, BensonMD, Buxbaum JN, Cohen AS, Frangione B, Ikeda S, et al.Amyloidfibrilproteinnomenclature-2002.Amyloid. 2002; 9(3):197-200. 6. Rapezzi C, Merlini G, Quarta CC, Riva L, Longhi S, Leone O, et al. Systemic cardiac amyloidoses disease profiles and clinical courses of the 3main types. Circulation. 2009;120(13):1203-1212. 7. Chamarthi B, Dubrey SW, Cha K, SkinnerM, Falk RH. Features and prognosis of exertional syncope in light-chain associated AL cardiac amyloidosis. Am J Cardiol 1997;80(9):1242-5. 8. Gutierrez PS, Fernandes F, Mady C, Higuchi Mde L. Clinical, electrocardiographic and echocardiographic findings in significant cardiac amyloidosis detected only at necropsy: comparison with cases diagnosed in life. Arq Bras Cardiol. 2008;90(3):191-6. 9. Brodarick S, Paine R, Higa E, Carmichael KA. Pericardial tamponade, a new complication of amyloid heart disease. Am J Med. 1982;73(1):133-5. 10. Navarro JF, Rivera M, Ortuno J. Cardiac tamponade as presentation of systemic amyloidosis. Int J Cardiol. 1992;36(1):107-8. 11. Rai AB, Lima E, Munir F, Faisal Khan A, Waqas A, Bughio S, et al. Speckle tracking echocardiography of the right atrium: the neglected chamber. Clin Cardiol. 2015;38(11):692-7. 12. PelusoD, Badano LP, MuraruD, Dal Bianco L, Cucchini U, Kocabay G, et al. Right atrial size and function assessed with three-dimensional and speckle- tracking echocardiography in 200 healthy volunteers.Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2013;14(11):1106-14. 13. Gertz MA, Comenzo R, Falk RH, Fermand JP, Hazenberg BP, Hawkins PN, et al. Definition of organ involvement and treatment response in immunoglobulin light chain amyloidosis (AL): a consensus opinion from the 10th International Symposiumon Amyloid and Amyloidosis, Tours, France, 18-22 April 2004. Am J Hematol. 2005;79(4):319-28. 14. Lang RM, Bierig M, Devereux RB, Flachskampf FA, Foster E, Pellikka PA, et al. American Society of Echocardiography’’s nomenclature and Standards Committee; Task Force on Chamber Quantification; American College of Cardiology Echocardiography Committee; American Heart Association; European Association of Echocardiography, European Society of Cardiology. Recommendations for chamber quantification. Eur J Echocardiogr. 2006;7(2):79-108. 15. Rudski LG, LaiWW, Afilalo J,Hua L, HandschumacherMD, Chandrasekaran K, et al. Guidelines for the echocardiographic assessment of the rigth heart in adults: a report from the American Society of Echocardiography endorsed by the European Association of Echocardiography, a registered branch of the European Society of Cardiology, and the Canadian Society of Echocardiography. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2010;23(7):685-713. 16. Nemes A, Kalapos A, Domsik P, Forster T. [Three-dimensional speckle- tracking echocardiography -- a further step in non-invasive three- dimensional cardiac imaging]. Orv Hetil. 2012;153(40):1570-7. 17. Nemes A, Havasi K, Domsik P, Kalapos A, Forster T. Evaluation of right atrial dysfunction in patients with corrected tetralogy of Fallot using 3D speckle- tracking echocardiography. Insights from the CSONGRAD Registry and MAGYAR-Path Study. Herz. 2015;40(7):980-8. 18. Kyle RA, Gertz MA. Primary systemic amyloidosis: clinical and laboratory features in 474 cases. Semin Hematol. 1995;32(1):45-59. 19. Urbano-Moral JA, Gangadharamurthy D, Comenzo RL, Pandian NG, Patel AR. Three-dimensional Speckle Tracking Echocardiography in light chain cardiac amyloidosis: examination of left and right ventricular myocardial mechanics parameters. Rev Esp Cardiol (Engl Ed). 2015;68(8):657-64. 20. Merlini G, Stone MJ. Dangerous small B-cell clones. Blood. 2006;108(8):2520-30. References Conclusions Significantly increased RA volumes and deterioration in RA functions could be demonstrated in AL-CA – theoretically due to infiltration of the atrial wall with amyloid fibrils – but other causes, including haemodynamic reasons, cannot be excluded. Author contributions Conception and design of the research: Nemes A, Földeák D, Domsik P, Kalapos A, Kormányos A, Borbényi Z, Forster T; Acquisition of data e Analysis and interpretation of the data: Nemes A, Domsik P, Kalapos A; Statistical analysis: Nemes A, Kormányos A; Obtaining financing, Writing of the manuscript and Critical revision of the manuscript for intellectual content: Nemes A, Földeák D. Potential Conflict of Interest No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported. Sources of Funding There were no external funding sources for this study. Study Association This study is not associatedwith any thesis or dissertationwork. Ethics approval and consent to participate This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the University of Szeged under the protocol number 71/2011. All the procedures in this study were in accordancewith the 1975 Helsinki Declaration, updated in 2013. Informed consent was obtained from all participants included in the study. 390