ABC | Volume 111, Nº1, July 2018

Original Article Martins et al Regurgitation aortic after Jatene Surgery Arq Bras Cardiol. 2018; 111(1):21-28 Figure 1 – Measurements of the aorta. Two-dimensional echocardiogram of the neo-aorta, parasternal view of the long axis of the left ventricle. The measurement sites are shown: A- aortic annulus; B- sinus of Valsalva; C- sinotubular region; D- ascending aorta. The body surface was calculated by using the Mosteller formula: A = √ (height x weight) / 3600). 15 Statistical analysis The Epi Info software, version 6, was used for data collection and database management. The Epi Info and Microsoft Office Excel, version 2000 were used for the statistical analyses, the latter being also used to elaborate and edit the tables. The categorical variables were compared by using Pearson chi-square and Fisher Exact tests, when necessary. To compare the means of continuous variables, Student t test was used for independent samples when the distribution was normal, paired t test was used for paired samples, and Kruskal-Wallis test was used to compare the medians. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare several groups of continuous variables at one time. A p value < 0.05 was adopted for statistical significance. Results Analysis of the preoperative characteristics of the simple and complex TGA groups Table 1 shows the following pre- and perioperative characteristics of the two groups: sex, body surface, age and pulmonary annulus adjusted to body surface. Of the 127 patients assessed, 84 were in the simple TGA group and 43, in the complex TGA group. The follow-up duration was 7.4 ± 4.7 years. The body surface means were 0.20 ± 0.04 m 2 and 0.21 ± 0.08 m 2 for the simple TGA and complex TGA groups, respectively. When comparing the preoperative Z-score of the pulmonary annulus (Table 1), the complex TGA group had the highest Z-score, a finding of statistical significance. Table 2 shows the associated anomalies found in 21 patients (16.5%), the most frequently one being the aortic arch anomaly, identified in 7 patients (5.5%), 6 of which in the complex TGA group. Analysis of the postoperative characteristics of the simple TGA and complex TGA groups Analysis 2.1 - Table 3 shows that the mean ages for the simple TGA group and the TGA with VSD group were 6.4 ± 4.73 years and 9.26 ± 4.22 years, respectively. Analysis 2.2 - Table 4 compares the preoperative Z-score mean of the pulmonary artery with the postoperative Z-score mean of the neo-aorta of 84 patients in the simple TGA group and 43 patients in the complex TGA group, showing a statistically significant difference between the means. Analysis 2.3 - Table 5 shows no or trivial neo-aortic valve regurgitation in 74 patients of the simple TGA group (88%) and in 16 patients of the complex TGA group (37.2%). Mild regurgitation was observed in 5 patients of the simple TGA group (5.9%) and in 8 patients of the complex TGA group (18.6%). Moderate regurgitation was identified in 5 patients of the simple TGA group (5.9%) and in 19 patients of the TGA with VSD group (44.8%). Absent or trivial regurgitation predominated in the simple TGA group (p < 0.0001). Analysis 2.4 - In patients with no or trivial regurgitation (90 patients), the aortic annulus Z-score mean ± standard- deviation was 1.72 ± 0.98 cm. In patients with mild regurgitation (13 patients), the Z-score mean ± standard- deviation was 2.18 ± 0.83 cm, and, in those with moderate 23