ABC | Volume 110, Nº6, June 2018

Original Article Nascimento et al Cardiovascular disease in Portuguese-speaking countries Arq Bras Cardiol. 2018; 110(6):500-511 Figure 2 – Most common causes of death, considering age-standardized mortality, in the Portuguese-speaking countries in 1990 and 2016. A: All causes; B: From cardiovascular diseases. LRI = lower respiratory tract infection; NTD = neglected tropical diseases. Diarrhea/LRI/other HIV/AIDS& tuberculosis Cardiovasculardiseases Neonatal disorders Nutritionaldeficiencies NTDs&malária Unintentional inj Neoplasms Other group I Transport injuries War& disaster Digestive diseases Other non-communicable Chronic respiratory Diabetes/urog/blood/endo Cirrhosis Maternaldisorders Self-harm& violence Neurologicaldisorders Mental& substanceuse Musculoskeletaldisorders Diarrhea/LRI/other HIV/AIDS& tuberculosis Cardiovascular diseases Neonataldisorders Nutritionaldeficiencies NTDs&malária Unintentional inj Neoplasms Othergroup I Transport injuries War&disaster Digestive diseases Other non-communicable Chronic respiratory Diabetes/urog/blood/endo Cirrhosis Maternal disorders Self-harm& violence Neurological disorders Mental& substanceuse Musculoskeletal disorders Brazil CapeVerde EqGuinea Guinea-Bissau Mozambique SaoTomePríncipe Angola Portugal Timor-Leste Brazil CapeVerde EqGuinea Guinea-Bissau Mozambique SaoTomePríncipe Angola Portugal Timor-Leste Bothsexes,all ages,1990,Percentof totaldeaths Bothsexes,all ages,2016,Percentof totaldeaths 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 17 17 17 17 17 17 17 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 21 21 21 21 21 21 21 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 2 2 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 4 9 3 7 13 10 8 6 12 5 11 14 15 16 18 21 19 17 20 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 17 17 17 17 17 17 17 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 21 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 19 20 21 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 20 21 21 21 21 21 21 21 Brazil CapeVerde EqGuinea Guinea-Bissau Mozambique SaoTomePríncipe Angola Portugal Timor-Leste Both sexes, all ages, 1990,percentof totaldeaths Brazil CapeVerde EqGuinea Guinea-Bissau Mozambique SaoTomePríncipe Angola Portugal Timor-Leste Both sexes, all ages, 2016,percentof totaldeaths Cerebrovascular disease Cerebrovascular disease Ischemic heart disease Ischemic heart disease Hypertensive heart disease Hypertensive heart disease Other cardiovasculardiseases Other cardiovasculardiseases Rheumatic heart disease Rheumatic heart disease Cardiomyopathy Cardiomyopathy Aorticaneurysm Aorticaneurysm Endocarditis Endocarditis Atrial fibrillation Atrial fibrillation Peripheralartery Peripheralartery 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 10 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 5 7 4 6 9 8 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 Discussion Portuguese is the sixth most spoken language worldwide, by 244 million speakers, 16 the fifth most commonly used language over the Internet, by 82.5 million cybernauts, and the third most commonly used language in the social media Facebook and Twitter , by 58.5 million people. 17 According to estimates of the Portuguese government, considering the demographic evolution, by 2050, the number of Portuguese speakers will increase to 335 million. Africa should exceed Brazil in the use of Portuguese within 50 years. 16 Portuguese is the official language of eight countries (Portugal, Brazil, Angola, Mozambique, Guinea-Bissau, Cape Verde, Sao Tome and Principe, and Timor-Leste). Despite the incorporation of native words and the grammatical and pronunciation changes characteristic of each country, their languages remain united to the Portuguese from Portugal, from which the PSC were colonies during the expansion of that nation. Independence from the Portuguese domination occurred at different points in time: Equatorial Guinea belonged to the Portuguese Empire only until 1778, being then given to Spain, while Brazil was a Portuguese colony until 1822. The other nations had their independence recognized by Portugal between 1973 and 1975. However, the cultural influence of Portugal on those countries has been striking, an example being Catholicism, the official religion in most of those countries, the predominance of the Portuguese surnames, in addition to the organization of the healthcare systems, which are similar in several aspects. 2,18 504