ABC | Volume 110, Nº5, May 2018

Original Article Prevalence and Factors Associated with Metabolic Syndrome among Brazilian Adult Population: National Health Survey – 2013 Elyssia Karine Nunes Mendonça Ramires, Risia Cristina Egito de Menezes, Giovana Longo-Silva, Taíse Gama dos Santos, Patrícia de Menezes Marinho, Jonas Augusto Cardoso da Silveira Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Maceió, AL – Brazil Mailing Address: Elyssia Karine Nunes Mendonça Ramires Loteamento Vert Paradiso, Lote 01, Quadra B2. Postal Code 57048-375, Antares, Maceió. AL – Brazil E-mail: elyssiakarine@hotmail.com , elyssiakarine@gmail.com Manuscript received August 02, 2017, revised manuscript December 15, 2017, accepted December 20, 2017 DOI: 10.5935/abc.20180072 Abstract Background: In Brazil, population-based researches analyzing prevalence and factors associated with metabolic syndrome (MS), a recognized predictor of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), and an important cause of disability and death in the country are scarce. Objective: To evaluate prevalence of MS and its associated factors in Brazilian population. Methods: Secondary analysis of the 2013National Health Survey, a cross-sectional survey with national representativeness of Brazilian adult population (n = 59,402). MS was the outcome variable, defined from harmonization of cardiology international consensus as load ≥ 3 of the following components: self-reported diabetes and hypercholesterolemia, high blood pressure and high waist circumference. Analysis were stratified by sex and prevalence ratios, with their respective 99% confidence intervals (PR [CI 99%]) calculated by simple and multiple Poisson regression models. Results: MS prevalence was 8.9%, being significantly higher among women compared to men; in general, this pattern was maintained in relation to exposure variables studied. Additionally, less than 25% of population did not present any MS component. In final multiple models, sociodemographic, behavioral and comorbidity variables were associated with MS, however, while low schooling (1.46 [1.23-1.74], cerebrovascular accident (1.36 [1], 00] (1.28 [1.03-1.62]) were associated among women, chronic renal failure (1.85 [2.23-2.76]) was associated exclusively among men. Conclusion: We identified MS high prevalence in Brazilian population; on the other hand, factors associated with this condition were different depending on sex. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2018; 110(5):455-466) Keywords: Cardiovascular Diseases / mortality; Metabolic Syndrome / epidemiology; Epidemiology; Adult; Public Health Surveillance; Health Surveys. Introduction Changes that occurred in population socioeconomic and cultural patterns, as rapid urbanization and economic development consequence, resulted in significant changes in different population group life habits. 1 This new society organization form, associated with alimentary transition and population aging, promoted transformations in the way that people get sick, increasing morbidity and mortality by Noncommunicable Diseases (NCD). 2 Concerning specific cardiovascular diseases (CVD), risk factors concomitant presence such as hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, diabetes, insulin resistance and central fat deposition is associated with an approximately 2.5-fold increase in cardiovascular morbidity and mortality risk. 3 This complex aggregate of CVDpredisposing factors constitutes the condition defined as metabolic syndrome (MS). 4 Worldwide MS recent estimate points to prevalence between 20-25% in adult population. 3 In U.S. MS prevalence was 34.7% in 2011-2012. It was defined by harmonized criterion, which synthesizes other classification criteria developed by different organizations to define this condition. 5 In Latin America cities, MS prevalence found between 2003 and 2005 was 21%, defined by National Cholesterol Education Program Expert Panel (NCEP-ATPIII) American criterion, presenting variation of 14% to 27%, according to studied territories. 6 In Brazil, prevalence was even higher, varying around 30% among individuals aged 19 to 64 years in different country regions. 7 In this situation, Brazilian government launched the Strategic Action Plan to TackleNoncommunicableDiseases (NCD) in Brazil 2011-2022, which includes, among other actions, generating information and knowledge about health-disease process and its social determinants for health policies formulation in Brazil. 8 In this sense, it was conceived the first National Health Survey (NHS) focused on risk factors surveillance and chronic diseases protection in Brazilian population. 9 455