ABC | Volume 110, Nº2, February 2018

Original Article Rabelo et al The Presence and Extension of Myocardial Fibrosis in the Undetermined Form of Chagas’ Disease Arq Bras Cardiol. 2018; 110(2):124-131 1. World Health Organization. WHO Expert Committee on the control of Chagas Disease. Geneva; 2002. (WHO Technical Report Series: 905). 2. Marin-Neto JA, Rassi A Jr. Update on Chagas heart disease on the first centenary of its discovery. Rev Esp Cardiol. 2009;62(11):1211-6. doi: 10.1016/S1885-5857(09)73346-8. 3. Nunes MC, Dones W, Morillo CA, Encina JJ, Ribeiro AL; Council on Chagas Disease of the Interamerican Society of Cardiology. Chagas disease: an overview of clinical and epidemiological aspects. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2013;62(9):767-76. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2013.05.046. 4. Bern C. Chagas’ disease. N Engl J Med. 2015;373(5):456-66. doi: 10.1056/ NEJMra1410150 5. Bocchi EA, Arias A, Verdejo H, Diez M, Gómez E, Castro P. The reality of heart failure in Latin America. J AmColl Cardiol. 2013;62(11):949-58. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2013.06.013. 6. Andrade JP, Marin-Neto JA, Paola AA, Vilas-Boas F, Oliveira GM, Bacal F, et al; Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia. [I Latin American guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of Chagas cardiomyopathy]. Arq Bras Cardiol. 2011;97(2 Suppl 3):1-48. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0066- 782X2011001600001. 7. Le Loup G, Pialoux G, Lescure FX. Update in treatment of Chagas disease. Curr Opin Infect Dis. 2011;24(5):428-34. doi: 10.1097/ QCO.0b013e32834a667f. 8. Laranja FS, Dias E, Nobrega G, Miranda A. Chagas’ disease: a clinical, epidemiologic, and pathologic study. Circulation. 1956;14(6):1035-60. doi: https://doi.org/10.1161/01.CIR.14.6.1035. 9. Rassi A Jr, Rassi SG, Rassi A. Sudden death in Chagas’ disease. Arq Bras Cardiol . 2001;76(1):86-96. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0066- 782X2001000100008. 10. Tassi EM, Continentino MA, Nascimento EM, Pereira BD, Pedrosa RC. 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RassiA Jr,RassiA,LittleWC,XavierSS,RassiSG,RassiAG,etal.Development and validation of a risk score for predicting death in Chagas’ heart disease. N Engl J Med. 2006;355(8):799-808. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa053241. 19. Sechtem U, Mahrholdt H, Vogelsberg H. Cardiac magnetic resonance in myocardialdisease.Heart.2007;93(12):1520-7.doi:10.1136/hrt.2005.067355. 20. AssomullRG,PrasadSK,LyneJ,SmithG,BurmanED,KhanM,etal.Cardiovascular magneticresonance,fibrosis,andprognosisindilatedcardiomyopathy.JAmColl Cardiol.2006;48(10):1977-85.doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2006.07.049. 21. Bogun FM, Desjardins B, Good E, Gupta S, Crawford T, Oral H, et al. Delayed-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging in nonischemic cardiomyopathy: utility for identifying the ventricular arrhythmia substrate. J AmColl Cardiol. 2009;53(13):1138-45. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2008.11.052. 22. Rochitte CE, Nacif MS, de Oliveira Júnior AC, Siqueira-Batista R, Marchiori E, Uellendahl M, et al. Cardiacmagnetic resonance in Chagas’ disease. Artif Organs. 2007;31(4):259-67. doi: 10.1111/j.1525-1594.2007.00373.x. 23. Regueiro A, García-Álvarez A, SitgesM, Ortiz-Pérez JT, De Caralt MT, Pinazo MJ, et al. Myocardial involvement in Chagas disease: insights from cardiac magnetic resonance. Int J Cardiol . 2013;165(1):107-112. doi: 10.1016/j. ijcard.2011.07.089. 24. Andrade ZA, Andrade SG, Sadigursky M, Wenthold RJ, Hilbert SL, Ferrans VJ. The indeterminate phase of Chagas’ disease: ultrastructural characterization of cardiac changes in the canine model. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1997;57(3):328-36. PMID: 9311645. 25. de Oliveira Júnior W, Salazar LF, Malta J, Assi N. [Critical analysis of the indeterminate formofChagas’disease].ArqBrasCardiol.1986;47(4):283-8. PMID: 3109356. References Sources of Funding There were no external funding sources for this study. Study Association This article is part of the thesis of Doctoral submitted by Marcia Maria Noya-Rabelo, from Escola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Pública. Ethics approval and consent to participate This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Hospital São Rafael under the protocol number N° 41/10. All the procedures in this study were in accordance with the 1975 Helsinki Declaration, updated in 2013. Informed consent was obtained from all participants included in the study. 130

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