ABC | Volume 110, Nº1, January 2018

Editorial Rochitte New Editor-in-Chief, New Challenges Arq Bras Cardiol. 2018; 110(1):1-3 1. Bayley RH, Due JSL. The electrocardiographic evidence of local ventricular ischemia. Arq Bras Cardiol. 1948;1(1):1-18. 2. Moreira LFP. O Desafio de oito anos na direção editorial dos Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia. Arq Bras Cardiol. 2017,109(6):502-6. 3. Síndromes Genéticas Associadas a Defeitos Cardíacos Congênitos e Alterações Oftalmológicas – Sistematização para o Diagnóstico na Pratica Clínica. Arq Bras Cardiol. 2018 4. Piwowar HA, Day RS, Fridsma DB. Sharing detailed research data is associated with increased citation rate. PLoS One. 2007;2(3):e308. 5. Metcalfe TS. The Citation impact of digital preprint archives for solar physics papers. Solar Phys. 2006;239(1-2):549-53. 6. Ortega JL. The presence of academic journals on Twitter and its relationship with dissemination (tweets) and research impact (citations). Aslib J Inform Manag. 2017;69(6):674-87. References However, not everything is planned linearly as described above. New challenges will ask for the participation of all players in this scientific process, including our Brazilian Society of Cardiology members. In a recent meeting, Scielo has determined new guidelines to be followed by Latin American journals, some of which with disruptive characteristics and unpredictable final effects. The most important examples are the continuing publication and the concept of “open science”. The latter includes the publication in repositories of source data that generated the manuscript’s results. Such publication makes data public and available to be used, checked and re-analyzed by groups other than the original authors. Although extremely controversial, that mechanism seems to increase the number of citations of the articles, and, thus, the impact of the articles and of the journal, in addition to adding credibility to them. Would this function in the same way in the Brazilian scientific environment? This response can only be provided by the scientific community, and its adoption by the Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia has to undergo a deep and thorough discussion. Likewise, and possibly even more controversial, “open science” proposes accepting the articles in the “preprint” format. Briefly, there are online repositories that accept scientific articles before undergoing peer review. This ensures the authors maintain “property” of the idea and data immediately, allowing them to be cited by other authors, but this can generate the exposure of low‑quality articles. However, during exposure, similarly to an Internet forum, comments can be made, and the authors can use them to improve their publication quality. Several journals already accept the submission of articles that had been published as preprint. Should the Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia accept that too? Again, this has to be thoroughly discussed, and we have to face a new challenge to adapt to the new digital reality of our virtual world. Scielo seems to strongly support those measures that will soon be mandatory. There is evidence in the literature that the movement towards “open science” increases the impact factor of the journals. 4,5 I believe we have to go along with the change of times. In addition, we have planned to use more intensively the social media to disseminate the Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia content. There is evidence in the literature that the presence of journals in Twitter significantly increases the number of citations of articles and their impact. 6 However, some things never change, and the “good science” and the relevance of the articles continue to depend on traditional scientific aspects, such as the changes in clinical practice and the generation of new knowledge or ideas on the pathophysiology, natural history or treatment of a disease. Based on the “good science” that has been fostered by the Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia over seven decades of existence, and because it represents the science of one of themajor societies of Cardiology in the world, I am sure that the future of our Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia is brilliant and will continue to merge with the history of the Brazilian Cardiology. Figure 1 – First page of the first article published by the Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia in 1948. 2